[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-590439-105":59,"doc-detail-590439-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","restoring-shankers-vision-for-charter-schools","Restoring Shanker’s Vision for Charter Schools","","Restoring Shanker’s Vision for Charter Schools examines how the charter school idea proposed by Albert Shanker—independently managed public schools that empower teachers to innovate—shifted over time. It traces charter growth, then critiques reduced teacher voice, weaker unionization, and increasing economic and racial segregation. The article argues that evidence shows charter students perform similarly to traditional students on average, and highlights emerging charter leaders that revive integration and teacher voice.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/restoring-shankers-vision-for-charter-schools/590439/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/restoring-shankers-vision-for-charter-schools/590439.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Pentious","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What was Albert Shanker’s original vision for charter schools?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"Shanker proposed charter schools as publicly funded but independently managed schools that would give teachers freedom to experiment with innovative approaches for a set period, with renewal tied to success.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How did charter schools evolve away from that original vision?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Many founders empowered management rather than teachers, adopted antiunion sentiments, and largely abandoned the goal of integrating students.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What does the article say about charter school outcomes compared with traditional public schools?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"On average, charter students perform about the same as students in traditional public schools, despite variation between excellent and terrible charter schools.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},590439,1792069635,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":138,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":128,"read_time":142},1374404730887,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Restoring Shanker’s Vision for Charter Schools | American Federation of Teachers Page 1 of 19  \nFind your Local  \nPRESS CENTER  \nHow to Join  \nOUR NEWS  \nSearch  \nStay Connected  \nEmail Address  \nSHARE THIS  \nPrint  \nRestoring Shanker’s Vision for Charter Schools  \nBy Richard D. Kahlenberg, Halley Potter  \nIn 1988, education reformer and American Federation of Teachers president Albert Shanker proposed a new kind of public school—“charter schools”—which would allow teachers to experiment with innovative approaches to educating students. Publicly funded but independently managed, these schools would be given a charter to try their fresh approaches for a set period of time and be renewed only if they succeeded.  \nFreed from bureaucratic constraints, teachers would be empowered to draw on their expertise to create educational laboratories from which the traditional public schools would learn. And liberated from traditional school boundaries, Shanker and other early charter advocates suggested, charters could do a better job than the regular public schools of helping children of different racial, ethnic, economic, and religious backgrounds come together to learn from one another.  \nIn the past two decades, charter schools have grown by leapsand bounds, from a single school in Minnesota in 1992 to more than 6,400 charter schools today, serving more than 2.5 million students in 42 states. Between the 2012–2013 and 2013–2014 school years, enrollment grew by 13 percent, and seven districts now have more than 30 percent of public school students enrolled in charters.1  \nRELATED  \nWhy Teacher Voice Matters  \nBy Richard D. Kahlenberg and Halley Potter  \nHTML  \n(//[www.aft.org/ae/winter2014-](www.aft.org/ae/winter2014-)  \n[2015/kahlenberg_potter_sb](2015/kahlenberg_potter_sb)) | PDF  \n(//[www.aft.org/sites/default/files/kahlenber](www.aft.org/sites/default/files/kahlenberg)[g](www.aft.org/sites/default/files/kahlenberg)  \nBut somewhere along the way, charter schools went in a very different direction from the one Shanker originally envisioned. Many charter school founders empowered management, not teachers, and adopted antiunion sentiments. Today, just 12 percent of charter schools are unionized, and teacher retention rates—one possible measure of professional satisfaction—are much lower than in traditional public schools.2 Moreover, most charter schools largely discarded the goal of student integration. Charters are now actually more economically and racially segregated than traditional public schools. The purpose of charter schools also evolved. Originally conceived as laboratories with which traditional public schools would collaborate, charters became a force for competition, with some suggesting they replace regular district schools.  \nAll in all, the change was quite dramatic. Proposed to empower teachers, desegregate students, and allow innovation from which the traditional public schools could learn, many charter schools instead prized management control, reduced teacher  \n[http://www.aft.org/ae/winter2014-2015/kahlenberg_potter](http://www.aft.org/ae/winter2014-2015/kahlenberg_potter)  \nRestoring Shanker’s Vision for Charter Schools | American Federation of Teachers Page 2 of 19  \nvoice, further segregated students, and became competitors,  \nrather than allies, of regular public schools.  \nThe reduced teacher voice and increased segregation might  \nseem defensible if charter schools were clearly providing a  \nsuperior form of education to students systemwide. But the  \nbest evidence suggests that is not the case. While there are  \nexcellent charter schools and there are also terrible ones, on  \naverage, charter students perform about the same as those in  \ntraditional public schools.3 In our view, the charter school  \nmovement, once brimming with tremendous promise, has lost  \nits way.  \nThe good news is that within the varied charter school world,  \nthere are a small but growing number of leaders and  \ninstitutions that are resu","cbCaiosfFdbbyz8m","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiosfFdbbyz8m","pdf",256778,"English","# Restoring Shanker’s Vision for Charter Schools\n## Shanker’s original charter school concept\n## Charter schools’ shift in direction\n## Evidence on student performance and integration\n## A renewed approach and the book’s purpose","[{\"question\":\"What was Albert Shanker’s original vision for charter schools?\",\"answer\":\"Shanker proposed charter schools as publicly funded but independently managed schools that would give teachers freedom to experiment with innovative approaches for a set period, with renewal tied to success.\"},{\"question\":\"How did charter schools evolve away from that original vision?\",\"answer\":\"Many founders empowered management rather than teachers, adopted antiunion sentiments, and largely abandoned the goal of integrating students.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the article say about charter school outcomes compared with traditional public schools?\",\"answer\":\"On average, charter students perform about the same as students in traditional public schools, despite variation between excellent and terrible charter schools.\"}]","Restoring Shanker’s Vision for Charter Schools | PDF",48]