[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-657766-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":80,"doc-detail-657766-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","residue-curve-maps-phase-equilibria-and-enhanced-distillation-concepts","RESIDUE CURVE MAPS - Phase equilibria and enhanced distillation concepts","","Residue curve maps describe liquid residue compositions over time for ternary systems undergoing simple, one-stage batch distillation. The framework assigns curve directions between lower- and higher-boiling components or azeotropes, introduces distillation boundaries formed by azeotropes, and partitions the map into regions that determine separability by conventional distillation. It further defines nodes, stable/unstable behavior, saddle behavior, vapor lines, and vapor boilup curves, illustrated with the Benzene/Ethanol/Water system and related two-phase envelopes.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology/","Technology",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/residue-curve-maps-phase-equilibria-and-enhanced-distillation-concepts/657766/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/residue-curve-maps-phase-equilibria-and-enhanced-distillation-concepts/657766.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"MrHarris58","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-26",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":22},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What does a residue curve represent on a ternary residue curve map?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"A residue curve represents the liquid residue composition as a function of time, corresponding to simple one-stage batch distillation.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How do distillation boundaries arise in residue curve maps?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"Distillation boundaries are created by the presence of azeotropes; residue curves cannot cross these thermodynamically defined boundaries.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What is the difference between the binodal plot and the liquid boiling envelope in column analysis?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"The condenser is analyzed with the binodal plot because it operates at fixed temperatures, while the top trays are analyzed with the liquid boiling envelope because they correspond to the column pressure.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},657766,1792988675,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,104,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},6,50,"technology",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":101,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":22,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":96,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":79,"read_time":143},687212988360,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","RESIDUE CURVE MAPS  \nWhen an entrainer is added to a binary mixture, a ternary mixture results, and it is then necessary to consider the phase equilibria for this new mixture as well as to predict the ranges of possible overhead and bottoms compositions. Triangular diagrams are often used to describe the equilibrium relationships for ternary mixtures. Especially important are the residue curves on the diagrams. A residue curve represents the liquid residue composition with time asthe result of a simple, one stage batch distillation. The results, when plotted on a triangular graph, are called a residue curve because the plot follows the liquid residue composition in the still. Different residue lines result from different starting compositions. A collection of these curves for a given ternary system is called a residue curve map. A residue curve map has the following characteristics:  \n1. If we assign the direction of the residue curves as being from the starting composition to the ending composition, then the arrow on each curve points from a lower boiling component or azeotrope to a higher boiling component or azeotrope.  \n2. The presence of azeotropes can create distillation boundaries which cannot be crossed by a residue curve. These distillation boundaries represent the residue curve on which the light or starting residue composition is a lower boiling pure component or azeotrope and the heavy or ending composition residue is a higher pure component or azeotrope. Any given pure component point or azeotrope will be connected to some but not all other pure component points and azeotropes on the graph. Those that are connected form distillation boundaries. These boundaries are thermodynamic in nature.  \n3. These distillation boundaries partition the map into distillation regions. The nature of these regions is such that two pure components which lie in different regions cannot be separated using conventional distillation.  \nSome definitions are in order before we explain how residue curve maps apply to enhanced distillation systems.  \nNode Residue curves begin and end at nodes.  \nStable node The component or azeotrope with the highest boiling point in the region.  \nAll the residue curves in the region point to (terminate) at this point.  \nUnstable node The component or azeotrope with the lowest boiling point in the region.  \nSaddle Residue curves move toward and then away from saddles. Pure  \ncomponents and azeotropes which have a boiling point between the stable and unstable nodes are saddles.  \nVapor line The vapor line is the line formed by those vapor compositions which are in equilibrium with the liquid compositions on the distillation boundaries. In other words, if you take all the compositions on a distillation boundary line as saturated liquid compositions; then determine the composition of the vapors which are in equilibrium with all these points; and plotted all these vapor compositions on the residue curve map, one line would be formed for each distillation boundary. That line is called the vapor line.  \nVapor boilup curve  \nBinodal plot  \nLiquid boiling envelope  \nThe vapor boilup curve is the plot of the vapor compositions in equilibrium with any given residue curve.  \nThis is a constant temperature plot of all saturated liquid compositions. It is used to identify the liquid-liquid region of the mixture.  \nThis is the constant pressure binodal like plot of the two liquid phase region of a ternary system.  \nIn the residue map shown below (for the system Benzene/Ethanol/Water);  \n∙ The residue curves are represented by the light black curves,∙ The distillation boundaries are represented by the heavy curves,∙ The triangles indicate the azeotropes, and  \n∙ The two phase regions (at constant pressure and at constant temperature) are outlined by the liquid boiling envelope and the binodal plot as indicated.  \nFor this system you will notice that ;  \n∙ The binary azeotropes are all saddles. As a result the residue lines","cbCainzvzthuNEie","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainzvzthuNEie","pdf",67644,"English","# RESIDUE CURVE MAPS\n## Core idea for ternary residue curves\n## Key characteristics of residue curve maps\n## Definitions: nodes, saddles, and vapor lines\n## Vapor boilup curve, binodal plot, and boiling envelopes\n## Benzene/Ethanol/Water example\n## Constraints on azeotropes and topological rules","[{\"question\":\"What does a residue curve represent on a ternary residue curve map?\",\"answer\":\"A residue curve represents the liquid residue composition as a function of time, corresponding to simple one-stage batch distillation.\"},{\"question\":\"How do distillation boundaries arise in residue curve maps?\",\"answer\":\"Distillation boundaries are created by the presence of azeotropes; residue curves cannot cross these thermodynamically defined boundaries.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the difference between the binodal plot and the liquid boiling envelope in column analysis?\",\"answer\":\"The condenser is analyzed with the binodal plot because it operates at fixed temperatures, while the top trays are analyzed with the liquid boiling envelope because they correspond to the column pressure.\"}]","RESIDUE CURVE MAPS - Phase equilibria and enhanced distillation concepts | PDF",13]