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research  \n Open Access Full Text Article REVIEW  \nResearch Progress of Long Non-Coding RNA in Tumor Drug Resistance: A New Paradigm  \nJing Zhang 1 , *, Le Wu 1 , *, Chenchen Wang2 , *, Xin Xie 1 , Yuying Han 1–3  \n1Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Critical Care Medicine, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China; 3Science and Education Department, Xi’an No. 5 Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China  \n*These authors contributed equally to this work  \nCorrespondence: Yuying Han; Xin Xie, Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710069, People’s Republic of China, Email [hanyuying@nwu.edu.cn](hanyuying@nwu.edu.cn); [xiexin@nwu.edu.cn](xiexin@nwu.edu.cn)  \n\n| Abstract: In the past few decades, chemotherapy has been one of the most effective cancer treatment options. Drug resistance is currently one of the greatest obstacles to effective cancer treatment. Even though drug resistance mechanisms have been extensively investigated, they have not been fully elucidated. Recent genome-wide investigations have revealed the existence of a substantial quantity of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) transcribed from the human genome, which actively participate in numerous biological processes, such as transcription, splicing, epigenetics, the cell cycle, cell differentiation, development, pluripotency, immune microenvironment. The abnormal expression of lncRNA is considered a contributing factor to the drug resistance. Furthermore, drug resistance may be influenced by genetic and epigenetic variations, as well as individual differences in patient treatment response, attributable to polymorphisms in metabolic enzyme genes. This review focuses on the mechanism of lncRNAs resistance to target drugs in the study of tumors with high mortality, aiming to establish a theoretical foundation for targeted therapy.\u003Cbr>Keywords: lncRNA, drug resistance, chemotherapy, tumor, immune escape |\n| --- |\n| Introduction\u003Cbr>Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the primary treatment options for cancer include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. However, several studies have highlighted that, in comparison to surgery or radiotherapy, chemotherapy demonstrates a reduction in tumor recurrence and mortality rates among cancer patients.1 Despite the recent progress in cancer treatment due to the emergence of targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the presence of both intrinsic and acquired resistance to chemotherapy remains a major factor contributing to cancer-related deaths.2\u003Cbr>Recent researches have revealed that lncRNA genes constitute a substantial portion of the genomes in complex organisms. These lncRNAs exhibit a faster evolutionary rate compared to protein-coding sequences, displaying cell-type specificity and playing crucial roles in various physiological processes such as cell differentiation and development.3 Additionally, aberrant expression levels of lncRNAs may closely correlate with the initiation, metastasis, and drug resistance of malignant tumors, thereby influencing the prognosis of cancer patients, including those with lung, liver, gastric, colorectal, and breast cancer, among others. Notably, lncRNAs exhibit limited conservation across species, along with low expression levels and tissue specificity.4 Extensive study is essential to understand the complex reasons behind drug resistance in cancerous tumors, in order to develop better treatment strategies that can improve patient survival rates. Recent researches have revealed that lncRNA genes constitute a substantial portion of the genomes in complex organisms. These lncRNAs exhibit a faster evolutionary rate compared to protein-codin","cbCaim92grlaCaa3","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaim92grlaCaa3","pdf",1799850,14,"English","# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"Why is drug resistance a critical obstacle in cancer chemotherapy?\",\"answer\":\"Chemotherapy resistance includes intrinsic and acquired mechanisms that sustain tumor survival and drive cancer-related deaths despite advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy.\"},{\"question\":\"What roles do long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play in tumor biology?\",\"answer\":\"lncRNAs participate in transcription, splicing, epigenetics, cell-cycle control, differentiation, development, pluripotency, and shaping the immune microenvironment.\"},{\"question\":\"How are lncRNAs linked to chemotherapy and targeted drug resistance?\",\"answer\":\"Aberrant lncRNA expression can correlate with initiation, metastasis, and drug resistance of malignant tumors, thereby affecting patient outcomes and supporting targeted therapeutic strategies.\"}]","Research Progress of Long Non-Coding RNA in Tumor Drug Resistance: A New Paradigm - Review | PDF",1790002022,35]