[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-459684-105":59,"doc-detail-459684-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","research-progress-in-the-application-of-stent-in-tips-procedures","Research progress in the application of stent in TIPS procedures","","Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a minimally invasive interventional therapy for portal hypertension (PH) and related complications, offering advantages over pharmacologic, endoscopic, and surgical portocaval approaches. Despite its efficacy, TIPS complications—especially hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and shunt dysfunction—can worsen prognosis. Across decades, multiple stent types and diameters have emerged, with variation also in puncture and initial stent positioning. This narrative review synthesizes research progress on stent selection for TIPS, emphasizing individualized strategies to reduce surgical complications and improve patient outcomes for clinicians and researchers.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-progress-in-the-application-of-stent-in-tips-procedures/459684/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/research-progress-in-the-application-of-stent-in-tips-procedures/459684.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Sarah ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is TIPS and what clinical problems does it address?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"TIPS is a minimally invasive technique that creates a portosystemic shunt to reduce portal pressure. It is used to treat complications of portal hypertension and has recognized indications including variceal bleeding and refractory ascites.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why is stent selection important in TIPS procedures?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Postoperative complications such as hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and shunt dysfunction limit TIPS use. Selecting appropriate stent types and designs may help prevent complications while maintaining clinical efficacy and improving survival and shunt patency.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do covered stents compare with bare stents in TIPS?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review describes evidence that covered stents show lower recurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding and refractory pleural effusion/ascites compared with bare stents. It also reports lower cumulative restenosis rates over multiple years in the covered stent group.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},459684,1791004067,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36,"preview_page_count":4},962085320529,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Review SCIENCE PROGRESS  \nResearch progress in the application of stent in TIPS procedures  \nScience Progress 2026, Vol. 109(1) 1–16 © The Author(s) 2026 Article reuse guidelines:  \n[sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/00368504251412571](DOI: 10.1177/00368504251412571)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/00368504251412571)[journals.sagepub.com/home/sci](journals.sagepub.com/home/sci)  \nLei Qi 1,2 , Yihao Wang2, Wen Li2, Shuangshuang Li2 and Jian Zhou2  \nAbstract  \nTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) stands as a pivotal interventional therapy for managing portal hypertension (PH) and its associated complications. Distinguished from pharmacological treatments, endoscopic interventions, or surgical portocaval shunts, TIPS has achieved extensive clinical application attributed to its minimally invasive nature and efficacy. Notwithstanding, complications ensuing from TIPS, such as hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and shunt dysfunction, etc, significantly impact patient prognosis. Over the course of several decades, a diverse array of stent types and diameters have become available for TIPS procedures. Moreover, the stent puncture position and the initial stent position also exhibit variability. Our review aims to address this gap in knowledge by reviewing the research progress on stent types, diameters, puncture positions, and initial stent positions in the context of TIPS. It presentsa comprehensive overview of the various stent options available for TIPS proceduresand highlights the importance of individualized treatment approaches in reducing surgical complications and improving patient prognosis. The findings outlined in our review provide valuable insights for clinicians and researchers in the field.  \nKeywords  \nTIPS, PH, HE, stent types, stent diameters, stent positons  \n1 Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China  \n2Department of Vascular Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China  \nCorresponding author:  \nYihao Wang, Department of Vascular Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China.  \nEmail: [a834779269@gmail.com](a834779269@gmail.com)  \nCreative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms  \nof the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/l](creativecommons.org/l)icenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page ([https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage](https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage)).  \nIntroduction  \nTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) refers to a minimally invasive interventional technique that involves puncturing the portal vein from the hepatic vein through the jugular vein approach to establish a portosystemic shunt between the hepatic vein and the portal vein, thereby reducing portal vein pressure and treating complications of portal hypertension (PH) such as esophageal-gastric variceal bleeding (VB), refractory ascitesand so on.1 Currently, this technique is only used to treat PH complications, but also be used for the secondary prevention of esophageal-gastric VB. In addition, Budd– Chiari syndrome, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatopulmonary syndrome, hepatic hydrothorax, portal hypertensive gastropathy, and hepatic veno-occlusive disease have also become recognized indications for TIPS. TIPS is highly effective in the early relief of PH, and it is generally superior to conventional medical and endoscopic therapy in the prevention of recurrent VB and in the treatment of acute VB, refractory ascites, and hepatic pleural effusion.2,3 But postoperative complications such as hepatic enc","cbCaigefxIZg4YaO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigefxIZg4YaO","pdf",683959,16,"English","# Introduction\n# Stent types\n## Bare stent","[{\"question\":\"What is TIPS and what clinical problems does it address?\",\"answer\":\"TIPS is a minimally invasive technique that creates a portosystemic shunt to reduce portal pressure. It is used to treat complications of portal hypertension and has recognized indications including variceal bleeding and refractory ascites.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is stent selection important in TIPS procedures?\",\"answer\":\"Postoperative complications such as hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and shunt dysfunction limit TIPS use. Selecting appropriate stent types and designs may help prevent complications while maintaining clinical efficacy and improving survival and shunt patency.\"},{\"question\":\"How do covered stents compare with bare stents in TIPS?\",\"answer\":\"The review describes evidence that covered stents show lower recurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding and refractory pleural effusion/ascites compared with bare stents. It also reports lower cumulative restenosis rates over multiple years in the covered stent group.\"}]","Research progress in the application of stent in TIPS procedures | PDF",1790756595]