[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-329301-105":59,"doc-detail-329301-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","research-methodology-important-topics-unit-10","Research Methodology - Important Topics - Unit 10","","This document provides a comprehensive overview of essential topics within Research Methodology for exam preparation. It covers foundational concepts including research definitions, objectives, types, and the systematic research process. Significant attention is given to hypothesis formulation, including Null and Alternative hypotheses, as well as Type I and Type II errors. It further explores variables, research design, various sampling techniques (probability and non-probability), data collection methods (primary and secondary), and measurement scales like Nominal and Ordinal. Additionally, the material addresses academic integrity by detailing plagiarism types, UGC plagiarism rules, research ethics, and citation practices. Finally, it touches upon ICT tools in research, such as the h-index, and methods for reviewing literature through journals, databases, and theses to support scholarly inquiry.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-methodology-important-topics-unit-10/329301/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/research-methodology-important-topics-unit-10/329301.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Skyler","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What are the primary components of the research process?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The research process involves identifying a problem, formulating a hypothesis, research design, sampling, data collection, and ethical considerations.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What is the difference between Null and Alternative hypotheses?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"A Null Hypothesis (Ho) posits no significant difference or relationship, while an Alternative Hypothesis (H1) suggests that a relationship or difference does exist.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What are the main types of measurement scales mentioned?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The document identifies Nominal and Ordinal scales as key levels for categorizing and measuring data.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},329301,1790460890,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":105,"preview_page_count":4},2336464648746,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Unit -10  \n# Most Important Topics\n\nDate:  \n# Reseasch   Methodology\n\n①What is reseanch→meaning→objective of Reseanch →Types of Reseazch→Reseanch Process  \n②Reseanch Process→stepsinneseanch→Identification of pnablem→Hypathesis fonmation  \n③  \nH pothesis  \nNull Hpothesis(Ho)→lteanativeHpothesis(H_)  \n      pe I Eo0o  + peI e0o  \n④  \nVari  \nVariable  \nExtraneous +Control vaniable  \n⑤  \nReseanch Design  \nExperimentalDescriptivedesignDesign  \nSampling  \n⑥  \n bilitySampling  \nPbabilitySampling  \n aplnga sapligonvenece apling JudgmentSampling  \n山 Simple Random Stratified Samplinguster samplingsema Sapln  \n→  \n7Methodso allctio  \nPrimanyatSecondanya Interview Books Questionnaire山 JournalsSe山 Newspaper Case Study12Government Reports山 ExperimentLWebsites &DatabasesReseanch ArticlesTheses &Dissertations  \n8  \n## Measurement Levels\n\nNominal ScaleOrdinal Scale  \n☆lgsm is presentinsomeone else's work or a  n withouproper credit or permission.  \n⑨Plagiarism(patcowork plagiarismellgiaismuGC lagiarismRules  \nDate:  \n ⑦   \n## Methods of Data  Collection\n\nrim  ataecondary Data  \nBooksJouralewspaper←→Government Reports→Websites &atabaeResearch ArticlesTheses &Dissertations  \n## Interview\n\nQuestionnaice  \nSurvey→Case study Experiment   \n●  \n·  \n⑧easuement Levels女NominalScale Ordinal Scale ⑨Plagiarism-→Patchwor plagiarisself-Plagiarism UGCPlagiarism Rules  \n·*·  \n☆ Plagiarism is presenting someone else's wo or  ideasas your own without proper credit or permission.  \nDate:…………  \n⑪  \n## ICT & Research Databases\n\n山 h-Index  \nHypothesis & Variables  \nDate:  \n◇  \n## ⑫\n\nResearcch Ethics  \nplagiarism→Citation1Consent →Ethical Publicatien Practices  \n!  \n3Review of2itenauce  \nBooks→ReseacchJownals →Aticles ConfenenceOninedline Databases Theses&Dissertations","cbCaifwR1LZB12hB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifwR1LZB12hB","pdf",771039,"English","# Research Foundations\n## Process and Hypothesis\n# Variables and Design\n# Sampling Techniques\n# Data Collection Methods\n# Measurement Scales\n# Research Ethics and Integrity\n# ICT and Databases","[{\"question\":\"What are the primary components of the research process?\",\"answer\":\"The research process involves identifying a problem, formulating a hypothesis, research design, sampling, data collection, and ethical considerations.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the difference between Null and Alternative hypotheses?\",\"answer\":\"A Null Hypothesis (Ho) posits no significant difference or relationship, while an Alternative Hypothesis (H1) suggests that a relationship or difference does exist.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the main types of measurement scales mentioned?\",\"answer\":\"The document identifies Nominal and Ordinal scales as key levels for categorizing and measuring data.\"}]","Research Methodology - Important Topics - Unit 10 | PDF",1789983572]