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Methods: CCK-8, scratch, and Transwell assays measured proliferation, migration, and invasion in multiple ovarian cancer cell lines; AO/PI, EdU, and ROS assays quantified apoptosis, proliferation, and reactive oxygen species; a xenograft model evaluated tumor growth; Western blot validated SRC/PI3K/AKT pathway protein changes. Results: The drug suppressed growth, reduced migration and invasion, increased apoptosis and ROS, and inhibited tumors with minimal weight loss. Conclusion: Trifluoperazine blocks ovarian cancer progression by inhibiting SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling, supporting a potential therapeutic strategy.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/repurposing-trifluoperazine-as-a-potential-therapeutic-agent-for-ovarian-cancer-mechanistic-insight-via-srcpi3kakt-signaling-pathway-inhibition/358936/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/repurposing-trifluoperazine-as-a-potential-therapeutic-agent-for-ovarian-cancer-mechanistic-insight-via-srcpi3kakt-signaling-pathway-inhibition/358936.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rowan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",15,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the main goal of this study on trifluoperazine?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The study evaluates trifluoperazine’s therapeutic efficacy against ovarian cancer and investigates its molecular mechanism through experiments and network pharmacology analysis.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How did the researchers measure effects on ovarian cancer cells?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"They used CCK-8 for cell proliferation, scratch and Transwell assays for migration and invasion, and AO/PI staining, EdU assays, and ROS measurements for apoptosis, proliferation, and reactive oxygen species levels.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which signaling pathway is implicated in trifluoperazine’s anti-cancer mechanism?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The results indicate inhibition of the SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, supported by Western blot downregulation of SRC, PI3K, and Akt proteins.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},358936,1790747555,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},1099514067415,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539d78ffe74a7?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779092875211072502","He etal. Journal of Ovarian Research (2026) 19:90 Journal of Ovarian Research  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-026-01966-6](https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-026-01966-6)  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nRepurposing trifluoperazine as a potential therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer: mechanistic insight via SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibition  \nQuan He1, Jiaqi Mei2, Desheng Cai1, Qinghua Yan1, Yanping Zhang1, Yuting Deng1, Wenyan Li1, Jiaying Xiong1, Junhui Wan1* and Yuanqiao He3,4,5*  \nAbstract  \nObjective This study evaluates the efficacy of trifluoperazine in treating ovarian cancer and investigates its potential molecular mechanisms through in vitro and in vivo experiments, as well as network pharmacology analysis.  \nMethods We used the CCK-8 assay to assess cell proliferation in five ovarian cancer cell lines (ES-2, SK-OV-3, OVCAR- 3, OV-90, ID8) . We performed scratch and Transwell assays on SK-OV-3 and ID8 cells to evaluate their migration and invasion capabilities. Apoptosis, proliferation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in ID8 cells were measured using Acridine Orange/Propidium Iodide (AO/PI) staining, EdU assays, and ROS assays, respectively. A xenograft mouse model was employed to assess the effect of trifluoperazine on tumor growth. Network pharmacology was used to identify common targets between trifluoperazine and ovarian cancer, followed by Western blot (WB) experiments to validate the protein expression levels ofthe SRC/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.  \nResults Trifluoperazine inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner, with ES-2 cells showing the greatest sensitivity. Migration, invasion, and proliferation of SK-OV-3 and ID8 cells were significantly reduced, while apoptosis and ROS levels were increased. In vivo, trifluoperazine inhibited tumor growth, with only a slight decrease in body weight observed. Network pharmacology identified 110 common targets, with the main targets enriched in the PI3K-Akt pathway. WB analysis confirmed the downregulation of SRC, PI3K, and Akt proteins in cells treated with trifluoperazine.  \nConclusion Trifluoperazine inhibits ovarian cancer progression in vitro and in vivo by targeting the SRC/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, providing a potential new therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer.  \nKeywords Ovarian cancer, Trifluoperazine, SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, Network pharmacology, Xenograft model  \n*Correspondence: Junhui Wan [wanjunhui8@163.com](wanjunhui8@163.com)[ ](wanjunhui8@163.com)Yuanqiao He[heyuanqiao@ncu.edu.cn](heyuanqiao@ncu.edu.cn)  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) 2026. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creati](http://creati)[vecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/](vecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)[.](vecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)  \nHe et al. Journal of Ovarian Research (2026) 19:90  \nBackground  \nOvarian cancer is a malignant tumor that derived from ovarian epithelium, germ cells, or stromal tissue [1]. It ranks third in incidence among tumors of the female re","cbCaivvH8Awfkhtr","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivvH8Awfkhtr","pdf",5078817,13,"English","# Abstract\n# Objective\n# Methods\n# Results\n# Conclusion\n# Keywords\n# Background\n# Trifluoperazine","[{\"question\":\"What is the main goal of this study on trifluoperazine?\",\"answer\":\"The study evaluates trifluoperazine’s therapeutic efficacy against ovarian cancer and investigates its molecular mechanism through experiments and network pharmacology analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the researchers measure effects on ovarian cancer cells?\",\"answer\":\"They used CCK-8 for cell proliferation, scratch and Transwell assays for migration and invasion, and AO/PI staining, EdU assays, and ROS measurements for apoptosis, proliferation, and reactive oxygen species levels.\"},{\"question\":\"Which signaling pathway is implicated in trifluoperazine’s anti-cancer mechanism?\",\"answer\":\"The results indicate inhibition of the SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, supported by Western blot downregulation of SRC, PI3K, and Akt proteins.\"}]","Repurposing trifluoperazine as a potential therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer - mechanistic insight via SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibition | PDF",1790135672,33]