[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-108836-en":3,"doc-seo-108836-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},108836,1374391974468,"Eden","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",8,"Research & Report","Republic of the Marshall Islands - Country Economic Memorandum and Public Expenditure Review - Maximizing opportunities, enhancing sustainability","Country Economic Memorandum and Public Expenditure Review for the Republic of the Marshall Islands analyzes recent economic performance, key growth constraints, and development opportunities. It highlights land access limitations, transport infrastructure congestion, aged and inefficient electricity infrastructure, and low ICT access and quality, alongside weaknesses in the financial sector. The review also examines fiscal trends and emergent risks affecting growth and sustainability, including climate change and natural hazards, fiscal sustainability pressures, and the dual burden of disease.","Republic of the Marshall Islands  \nMaximizing opportunities, enhancing sustainability  \nCOUNTRY ECONOMIC MEMORANDUM AND PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW  \nPub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized  \n© 2021 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank  \n1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000  \n[Internet: www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org)  \nThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent.  \nThe World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.  \nNothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.  \nRights and Permissions  \nThe material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work maybe reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given.  \nAny queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: [pubrights@worldbank.org](pubrights@worldbank.org).  \nAcknowledgment:  \nThe team would like to acknowledge and thank all those who provided input to this analysis. The lead authors are Andrew Blackman (Task Team Leader), Donna Andrews, Sophie Brown, Dung Doan, Matthew Dornan, Simone Esler, Ginnie Horscroft, Ahya Ihsan, Darian Naidoo, Nicolas Rosemberg, Georgina McArthur, Michael McCoy, Veronica Piatkov, Maude Ruest, Artessa Saldivar-Sali, John Virdin and the Graduate School USA (Jason Aubuchon, Glenn McKinlay, Kevin O’Keefe and Mark Sturton) . Michelle Lee provided valuable administrative support. Vishesh Agarwal, Rashad Hasanov and Jewelwayne Salcedo Cain provided valuable analytical support. The team is grateful to the RMI Government for their cooperation during consultations, for providing data and for sharing feedback on thereport. The team is also grateful to several World Bank colleagues who reviewed and provided guidance for this work. The team would like to thank Hassan Zaman, Lars Christian Moller, Ndiame Diop, Michel Kerf, Paul Vallely, David Gould, Robert Utz and Annette Leith for providing overall guidance. The team would also like to thank Frank Chopin, Marie-Helene Cloutier, Demet Kaya, Maude Ruest and Jian Vun for peer reviewing the report. Angela Takats edited the report and Laframboise Design provided graphic design services.  \nTable of Contents  \nEXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................................................8  \nINTRODUCTION AND COUNTRY CONTEXT.............................................................................................32  \nPILLAR 1: COUNTRY ECONOMIC MEMORANDUM............................................................................... 40  \n1.1 Recent Economic Performance.............................................................................................................. 40  \n1.2 Growth Challenges ....................................","cbCaioBotI22o1Ep","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioBotI22o1Ep","pdf",11580613,4,1,236,"English","en",105,"# Executive Summary\n# Introduction and Country Context\n# Pillar 1: Country Economic Memorandum\n## Recent Economic Performance\n## Growth Challenges\n## Growth and Development Opportunities\n## Key Emergent Risks to Growth and Sustainability\n# Pillar 2: Public Expenditure Review\n## Recent Fiscal Trends","[{\"question\":\"What topics does the Country Economic Memorandum cover for the Republic of the Marshall Islands?\",\"answer\":\"It covers recent economic performance, growth challenges, growth and development opportunities, and key emergent risks to growth and sustainability.\"},{\"question\":\"Which growth constraints are highlighted in the memo?\",\"answer\":\"It emphasizes limited access to land, congested transport infrastructure, aged and inefficient electricity infrastructure, low access and quality ICT services, and a small and underdeveloped financial sector.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the Public Expenditure Review focus on?\",\"answer\":\"It reviews recent fiscal trends and links them to broader growth and sustainability considerations.\"}]",1784474288,595,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"republic-of-the-marshall-islands-country-economic-memorandum-and-public-expenditure-review-maximizing-opportunities-enhancing-sustainability","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/republic-of-the-marshall-islands-country-economic-memorandum-and-public-expenditure-review-maximizing-opportunities-enhancing-sustainability/108836/",{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-30","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What topics does the Country Economic Memorandum cover for the Republic of the Marshall Islands?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"It covers recent economic performance, growth challenges, growth and development opportunities, and key emergent risks to growth and sustainability.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"Which growth constraints are highlighted in the memo?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"It emphasizes limited access to land, congested transport infrastructure, aged and inefficient electricity infrastructure, low access and quality ICT services, and a small and underdeveloped financial sector.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What does the Public Expenditure Review focus on?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"It reviews recent fiscal trends and links them to broader growth and sustainability considerations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]