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It outlines how renewable energy growth can affect civic space and the practical exercise of defenders’ roles and rights, highlighting patterns of restriction and reprisals. The report presents country-focused case studies across hydropower, solar, and wind projects, then offers recommendations and supporting frameworks for better protection in business and environmental contexts.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/renewables-and-reprisals-report-103-defenders-at-risk-in-the-green-energy-transition/264913/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/renewables-and-reprisals-report-103-defenders-at-risk-in-the-green-energy-transition/264913.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mack Lee","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-14",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",16,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What does the report investigate about the green energy transition?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The report investigates risks faced by human rights defenders during the renewable energy transition, focusing on how civic space can be affected in several countries.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which countries are covered in the case studies?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Case studies cover Brazil, Honduras, Mozambique, and the Philippines, using project examples from hydropower, solar, and wind.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What types of harms or restrictions are discussed regarding defenders?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The report discusses patterns that threaten defenders’ ability to act and access information, including legal conflicts and persecution, depending on the country and project context.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},264913,1789391105,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1236954509970,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","RENEWABLESAND  \nREPRISALS  \nDefenders at risk in the green energy transition in Brazil, Honduras, Mozambique, and the Philippines.  \nReport \\#103  \nSwedwatch is an independent, not-for-profit organisation working to support rights holders in their efforts to claim their rights and to promote responsible business practices by highlighting and addressing their impacts on people and the planet. Swedwatch’s work is grounded in thorough research and investigations that form the basis of evidence-based publications and expertise, dialogue, capacity development and exchange facilitation.  \nSwedwatch has six member organisations: Afrikagrupperna, ACT Church of Sweden (ACT Svenska kyrkan), Diakonia, Fair Action, Solidarity Sweden-Latin America (Latinamerikagrupperna) and the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation (Naturskyddsföreningen) .  \nThis report was authored by Swedwatch with input from Terramar Institute (Instituto Terramar), Network of Women Human Rights Lawyers and Defenders (Red de Abogadas Defensoras de Derechos Humanos), Jalaur River for the People’s Movement (JRPM), Afrikagrupperna, ACT Church of Sweden, Diakonia, Solidarity Sweden-Latin America and the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation. These organizations also support the messages conveyed in the report.  \nIn addition, Justiça Ambiental! (JA!) participated in interviews.  \nSwedwatch sincerely thanks all participants for generously sharing their time and insights during interviews and throughout the process of developing this report.  \nCover photo: Terramar Institute  \nLayout: Åse Bengtsson Helin  \nIllustration: Josefin Herolf  \nPublisher: Alice Blondel  \nPublished: April 2025  \nISBN: 978-91-88141-48-4  \nThis report has been financed by the Government of Sweden. Responsibility for the content lies entirely with the creator. The Government of Sweden does not necessarily share the expressed views and interpretations.  \nContents  \nExecutive summary ........................................................................................................ 6  \nRecommendations.......................................................................................................... 8  \n1. Introduction ....................................................................................... 11  \nMethodology ............................................................................................................. 13  \n2. The energy transition ......................................................................... 14  \nThe renewable energy sector ....................................................................................14  \nThe roles and rights of defenders.............................................................................16  \n3. High-risk countries for defenders in the renewable energy transition ....... 21  \nRenewable energy growth and civic space risk....................................................... 22  \n4. Case studies .......................................................................................33  \nCase 1. Hydropower in Mozambique: Lack of access to information in the Mphanda Nkuwa hydropower project .......................................... 34  \nCase 2. Solar power in Honduras: Community protests and legal conflicts around the Norwegian solar project Los Prados ...................................41  \nCase 3. Wind power in Brazil: Lack of meaningful stakeholder engagement in the Bons Ventos projects ..................................................................... 49  \nCase 4. Hydropower in the Philippines: Red-tagging and persecution of defenders in the Jalaur River Multipurpose Project ............................................... 56  \n5. Conclusion .........................................................................................62  \nAppendix: International frameworks for protecting human rights defenders in business and environmental sectors ...........................................................................","cbCaitif3gyvODZX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitif3gyvODZX","pdf",6013412,76,"English","# Executive summary\n## Recommendations\n# 1. Introduction\n## Methodology\n# 2. The energy transition\n## The renewable energy sector\n## The roles and rights of defenders\n# 3. High-risk countries for defenders in the renewable energy transition\n## Renewable energy growth and civic space risk\n# 4. Case studies\n## Case 1. Hydropower in Mozambique\n## Case 2. Solar power in Honduras\n## Case 3. Wind power in Brazil\n## Case 4. Hydropower in the Philippines\n# 5. Conclusion\n# Appendix: International frameworks for protecting human rights defenders","[{\"question\":\"What does the report investigate about the green energy transition?\",\"answer\":\"The report investigates risks faced by human rights defenders during the renewable energy transition, focusing on how civic space can be affected in several countries.\"},{\"question\":\"Which countries are covered in the case studies?\",\"answer\":\"Case studies cover Brazil, Honduras, Mozambique, and the Philippines, using project examples from hydropower, solar, and wind.\"},{\"question\":\"What types of harms or restrictions are discussed regarding defenders?\",\"answer\":\"The report discusses patterns that threaten defenders’ ability to act and access information, including legal conflicts and persecution, depending on the country and project context.\"}]","Renewables and Reprisals - Report 103 - Defenders at Risk in the Green Energy Transition | PDF",192]