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Correlations between overall SAT scores and A level scores are high, yet differ by SAT component and by A level subject. Gender differences are reported, with evidence linking them to multiple-choice format and higher omission rates among female students. The work anticipates clearer interpretation once degree outcomes are analyzed.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/relationships-between-a-level-grades-and-sat-scores-in-a-sample-of-uk-students-paper-presented-at-the-annual-meeting-of-the-american-educational-research-association/266635/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/relationships-between-a-level-grades-and-sat-scores-in-a-sample-of-uk-students-paper-presented-at-the-annual-meeting-of-the-american-educational-research-association/266635.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"4398046744996","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-14",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main focus of the study about SAT and A levels?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study analyzes the validity of SAT scores for higher-education admissions in the UK by examining relationships between SAT results and A level examination outcomes.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How strong is the overall relationship between A level scores and SAT scores?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The reported correlation between A level scores and the SAT is 0.64, indicating that higher A level scores generally align with higher SAT scores.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What factors are suggested for gender differences in SAT–A level relationships?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The paper suggests gender differences may relate to the SAT’s multiple-choice format and higher omission rates by female students, adding complexity to interpreting SAT scores.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},266635,1790493694,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":66,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},4398046744996,"Relationships between A level Grades and SAT Scores in a  \nSample of UK Students  \nCatherine Kirkup  \nJo Morrison  \nChris Whetton  \nNational Foundation for Educational Research  \nPlease address all correspondence to: Catherine Kirkup  \nNational Foundation for Educational Research Department of Assessment and Measurement The Mere  \nUpton Park Slough Berkshire SL1 2DQ UK  \nTel: +44 (0) 1753 574123  \nFax: +44 (0) 1753 691632  \n[c.kirkup@nfer.ac.uk](c.kirkup@nfer.ac.uk)  \nPaper presented at the  \nAnnual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association New York City, March 24-28, 2008  \nRelationships between A level Grades and SAT Scores in a  \nSample of UK Students  \nCatherine Kirkup  \nJo Morrison  \nChris Whetton  \nNational Foundation for Educational Research  \nIn the first phase of a study, examining the validity of the SATfor use in admissions to higher education in the UK, relationships between SAT scores and UK national examination results (“A levels”) were analysed. The correlation between SAT scores andA level scores was high but the relationships between different components of the SAT and individual A level subjects differed. Male students achieved higher SAT scores than female students, having taken into account the subjects studied atA level and the grades achieved. Evidence suggests that gender differences may be connected to the multiple-choice format of the questions and higher omission rates by female students.  \nIn September 2005 the National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER) in association with the Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills (previously the Department for Education and Skills), the Sutton Trust and the College Board, began a fiveyear research study to examine the validity of an aptitude test in higher education admissions. This paper reports on one of the early phases ofthe project in which the relationships between SAT scores and attainment in national examinations were examined. Later phases of the project will obtain degree outcomes and relate these to the earlier attainment and aptitude measures. A fuller account of the first stages ofthis project is given in Kirkup et al. (2007) .  \n1 Key findings  \n The mean SAT scores ofthe English sample were very similar to US mean scores and individual items functioned in a similar way in comparable samples of students.  \n Female students had higher total GCSEi and A levelii points scores and achieved significantly higher scores on the SAT Writing component than male students. Male students performed significantly better on the SAT Mathematics component and on the SAT as a whole.  \n The correlation between A level scores and the SAT was 0.64 (i.e. high A level scores were generally associated with high scores on the SAT) . This correlation was higher than correlations of between 0.33 and 0.50 in a previous pilot study (McDonald et al., 2001a), most likely due to restructuring of both measures in the intervening years.  \n The levels of correlation between SAT scores and A level grades varied between A level subjects. Science subjects and Mathematics tended to have a closer association with SAT Mathematics , but subjects such as History and English Literature were more closely related to SAT Writing and Critical Reading. This may mean that the SAT has differential utility as an predictor of higher education outcomes according to the degree subject involved and the A levels taken.  \n There were gender differences in the relationships between SAT scores and A level grades in favour of male students. Such differences appear to be connected to the multiple-choice format of the questions and higher omission rates by female students.  \n Gender differences may add to the complexity of interpreting and using SAT scores for degree course selection. However, such relationships can only become clearer when the degree outcomes have been collected and analysed.  \n2 Background to the Research  \nHigher education brings considerable benefits to grad","cbCaiauANepy2uOl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiauANepy2uOl","pdf",293483,25,"English","# Key findings\n## Correlations between SAT and A level scores\n## Component differences and subject variation\n## Gender differences in relationships\n# Background to the Research\n## Admissions criteria and the need for fair selection\n## Participation gaps and higher-education access\n## Motivation for testing SAT validity","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of the study about SAT and A levels?\",\"answer\":\"The study analyzes the validity of SAT scores for higher-education admissions in the UK by examining relationships between SAT results and A level examination outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"How strong is the overall relationship between A level scores and SAT scores?\",\"answer\":\"The reported correlation between A level scores and the SAT is 0.64, indicating that higher A level scores generally align with higher SAT scores.\"},{\"question\":\"What factors are suggested for gender differences in SAT–A level relationships?\",\"answer\":\"The paper suggests gender differences may relate to the SAT’s multiple-choice format and higher omission rates by female students, adding complexity to interpreting SAT scores.\"}]","Relationships between A level Grades and SAT Scores in a Sample of UK Students - Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association | PDF",1789409869,63]