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Multivariate logistic regression assessed associations between sGAR and prevalent stones, while restricted cubic splines evaluated nonlinear patterns. Higher sGAR tertiles showed increased odds for stone occurrence and recurrence, with no interaction across subgroups and results supported by sensitivity testing.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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stones among nondiabetic U.S. adults: a population-based study  \nLing Fang1, Meixiang Wang2, Jiaxin Bao3, Li Huang4  \n1Department of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China; 2Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China; 3Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China; 4Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China  \nContributions: (I) Conception and design: L Fang, M Wang, L Huang; (II) Administrative support: L Fang; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: L Fang, M Wang; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: L Fang, J Bao, L Huang; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: L Fang, M Wang, L Huang; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors.  \nCorrespondence to: Li Huang, MD. Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, No. 366 Taihu Road, Hailing District, Taizhou 225300, China. Email: [z41314058@stu.ahu.edu.cn](z41314058@stu.ahu.edu.cn).  \nBackground: Kidney stones can cause severe kidney function. The serum glucose-to-albumin ratio (sGAR) is under investigation for its potential to assess kidney stone risk. This study explores the association betweensGAR and prevalent kidney stones [in a nondiabetic U.S. adult](in a nondiabetic U.S. adult) population using the National Health and  \nNutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset.  \nMethods: This study analyzed data from the NHANES 2007–2014. Kidney stones were determined via questionnaires, and the sGAR was calculated based on serum glucose and albumin. The multivariate logistic regression analysis evaluated the associations of sGAR with prevalent kidney stones. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was performed to explore underlying nonlinear relationships. Subgroup analyses were used to examine  \nassociations across different factors. Sensitivity analyses were conducted.  \nResults: Out of 9,549 participants, 7.71% had kidney stones. The notable link was found between sGARand kidney stone occurrence [odds ratio (OR): 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.10] . Higher tertiles of sGAR were linked to elevated odds of kidney stones, with a significant trend. A positive link was observed between the sGAR and the recurrence of kidney stones (Model 3: OR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01–1.16) .  \nParticipants in the higher sGAR tertiles were more likely to experience kidney stone recurrence. Significant trends were observed. RCS analysis ascertained the aforementioned relationships in a linear manner. No interaction effect was found between the sGAR score and kidney stone incidence across different subgroups.  \nThe relationships were consistent in the sensitivity analysis.  \nConclusions: The study identified a notable link between sGAR and kidney stone prevalence. Increased sGAR levels were linked to an elevated risk of kidney stone occurrence and recurrence among nondiabetic  \nAmerican adults.  \nKeywords: Kidney stone; serum glucose-to-albumin ratio (sGAR); National Health and Nutrition Examination  \nSurvey (NHANES); cross-sectional; prevalence  \nSubmitted Aug 05, 2025. Accepted for publication Nov 04, 2025. Published online Dec 15, 2025.  \ndoi: 10.21037/tau-2025-555  \nView this article at: [https://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tau-2025-555](https://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tau-2025-555)  \n© AME Publishing Company. Transl Androl Urol 2025;14(12):3856-3866 ","cbCaiuWxr77DzLxJ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuWxr77DzLxJ","pdf",440504,11,"English","# Methods\n## Statistical analyses (logistic regression, restricted cubic spline)\n# Results\n## Prevalence and odds ratios\n## Recurrence and subgroup/sensitivity findings\n# Conclusions","[{\"question\":\"What dataset and population were used in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study used NHANES data from 2007–2014 and analyzed 9,549 nondiabetic U.S. adults.\"},{\"question\":\"How was kidney stone status determined?\",\"answer\":\"Kidney stones were determined using questionnaires, while sGAR was calculated from serum glucose and albumin.\"},{\"question\":\"What was the main finding about sGAR and kidney stones?\",\"answer\":\"Higher sGAR was significantly associated with greater odds of kidney stone occurrence and recurrence, supported by sensitivity analyses and restricted cubic spline results.\"}]","Relationship between serum glucose-to-albumin ratio and kidney stones among nondiabetic U.S. adults - Population-based study | PDF",1790746714,28]