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Circular degree-of-polarization maps based on Stokes and Mueller matrix polarimetry direct PIRL-MS sampling toward non-fat, high-cellularity areas. Targeting reduces contamination risk and accelerates analysis, yielding feature-rich spectra with breast cancer marker signatures.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/reflection-mode-polarimetry-guides-laser-mass-spectrometry-to-diagnostically-important-regions-of-human-breast-cancer-tissue/340367/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/reflection-mode-polarimetry-guides-laser-mass-spectrometry-to-diagnostically-important-regions-of-human-breast-cancer-tissue/340367.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Eden","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What problem does reflection-mode polarimetry solve for PIRL-MS in breast tissue?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It helps avoid adipose (fat) regions that contaminate PIRL-MS signals and guides sampling away from low-informative areas that would otherwise require long acquisition times.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How is the guidance map generated for directing PIRL-MS sampling?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"By circular degree-of-polarization imaging derived from both Stokes and Mueller matrix polarimetry, producing maps used to target non-fat regions.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What evidence supports the value of polarimetry-guided PIRL-MS?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Polarimetric targeting revealed feature-rich spectral signatures containing several known breast cancer markers while directing PIRL-MS toward regions with minimal significant fat content.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},340367,1790467400,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & 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mass spectrometry to diagnostically important regions of human breast cancer tissue  \nMichael D. Singh1,2􀀍, Lan Anna Ye2, Michael Woolman1,2, Francis Talbot2, Arash Zarrine-Afsar1,2,3,4 & Alex Vitkin1,2,5,6  \nTo enhance the clinical utility of mass spectrometry (MS), lengthy dwell times on less informative regions of patient specimens (e.g., adipose tissue in breast) must be minimized. Additionally, a promising variant of MS known as picosecond infrared laser MS (PIRL-MS) faces further challenges, namely, lipid contamination when probing adipose tissue. Here we demonstrate on several thick nonsectioned resected human breast specimens (healthy and malignant) that reflection-mode polarimetric imaging can robustly guide PIRL-MS toward regions devoid of significant fat content to (1) avoid signal contamination and (2) shorten overall MS analysis times. Through polarimetric targeting of non-fat regions, PIRL-MS sampling revealed feature-rich spectral signatures including several known breast cancer markers. Polarimetric guidance mapping was enabled by circular degree-of-polarization (DOP) imaging via both Stokes and Mueller matrix polarimetry. These results suggest a potential synergistic hybrid approach employing polarimetry as a wide-field-imaging guidance tool to optimize efficient probing of tissue molecular content using MS.  \nKeywords Polarimetry, Laser mass spectrometry, Breast cancer, Image guidance, Degree of polarization, Segmentation  \nPicosecond infrared laser mass spectrometry (PIRL-MS) profiles tissue molecular composition via mass-tocharge measurements of extracted water-soluble analytes (e.g., molecules in water-rich biological tissues) . Advantageously, PIRL-MS can be performed under ambient conditions on specimens of various thicknesses and surface topologies without the need to prepare tissue homogenates or analyte extracts1–4. Notable demonstrations include classification of various unprocessed human brain and skin cancer specimens1–4. Successful clinical implementation of PIRL-MS (and potentially other ambient MS technologies) may enable rapid tumour margin delineation5,6, intraoperative cancer diagnostics7, and on-site biopsy adequacy assessment8.  \nA previous study has demonstrated the feasibility of PIRL-MS analysis of non-sectioned malignant breast tissue (in situ) using subcutaneous murine models9 to recover biomarker molecules unique to breast cancer similar to those reported in other MS studies10. Actual human breast tissue, on the other hand, presents a major challenge for PIRL-MS due to the often-significant presence of adipose tissue (i.e., fat) which absorbs the mid infrared laser light without efficient conversion of the thermal energy to ablation mode, resulting in an undesirable solid-to-liquid phase transition (melting) of the fat. This yields a thin lipid layer on the surrounding areas, jeopardizing the integrity of their PIRL-MS signal by contamination. Furthermore, lengthy data acquisition times exploring non-informative regions of a specimen (e.g., adipose tissue and other areas of ‘low-cellularity’) also limit the clinical appeal of on-site MS analysis (and any other point-sensing analytical sampling methods) . Therefore, to optimize PIRL-MS for breast cancer diagnostic applications,(1) adipose regions must be avoided, and (2) analysis times must be shortened by guiding PIRL-MS probe to areas of high cellularity.  \nThese objectives are achievable through the deployment of a guidance tool to avoid and target specific regions for MS probing. Polarimetry – an optical technique based on measured changes to polarized light  \n1Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada. 2Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada. 3Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada. 4Kee","cbCaij047x0zZv03","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaij047x0zZv03","pdf",5889116,11,"English","# Background and clinical need\n## PIRL-MS constraints in breast tissue\n# Polarimetry-based guidance concept\n## Fast wide-field imaging for targeting\n# Experimental approach and imaging method\n## Circular degree-of-polarization via Stokes and Mueller polarimetry\n# Results and diagnostic potential\n## Non-fat targeting, marker-rich spectra, and time reduction","[{\"question\":\"What problem does reflection-mode polarimetry solve for PIRL-MS in breast tissue?\",\"answer\":\"It helps avoid adipose (fat) regions that contaminate PIRL-MS signals and guides sampling away from low-informative areas that would otherwise require long acquisition times.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the guidance map generated for directing PIRL-MS sampling?\",\"answer\":\"By circular degree-of-polarization imaging derived from both Stokes and Mueller matrix polarimetry, producing maps used to target non-fat regions.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence supports the value of polarimetry-guided PIRL-MS?\",\"answer\":\"Polarimetric targeting revealed feature-rich spectral signatures containing several known breast cancer markers while directing PIRL-MS toward regions with minimal significant fat content.\"}]","Reflection mode polarimetry guides laser mass spectrometry to diagnostically important regions of human breast cancer tissue | PDF",1790036080,28]