[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-detail-435038-en":59,"doc-seo-435038-105":81},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":60},{"doc_id":61,"user_id":62,"nickname":63,"user_avatar":64,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":66,"doc_content":67,"file_id":68,"file_url":69,"file_type":70,"file_size":71,"view_count":72,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":73,"language":74,"language_code":75,"site_id":76,"html_lang":75,"table_of_contents":77,"faqs":78,"seo_title":79,"seo_description":66,"update_tm":80,"read_time":41,"preview_page_count":4},435038,137455077381,"Elsa","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Reduced Methylation of IRF5 Gene - as a Biomarker for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus","Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication driven by insulin resistance, with epigenetic regulation increasingly implicated in its pathophysiology. This study assessed DNA methylation of interferon regulatory factor IRF5 and IRF7 promoters in 62 pregnant women, including 39 with GDM and 23 healthy controls. IRF5 methylation was significantly lower in the GDM group, while IRF7 showed no between-group differences. Reduced IRF5 methylation did not correlate with fasting plasma glucose, BMI, or neonatal birth weight, supporting its value as an independent epigenetic biomarker candidate for GDM.","CLINICAL RESEARCH  \ne-ISSN 1643-3750  \n© Med Sci Monit, 2025; 31: e948320 DOI: 10. 12659/MSM.948320  \nReceived: 2025.01.30  \nAccepted: 2025.09.05  \nAvailable online: 2025.10.26  \nPublished: 2025.12.17  \nAuthors’ Contribution: Study Design A  \nData Collection B Statistical Analysis C Data Interpretation D Manuscript Preparation E Literature Search F Funds Collection G  \nABCDEFG  \nABCDEF  \nABCDEFADE  \nCorresponding Author: Financial support: Conflict of interest:  \nReduced Methylation of IRF5 Gene  \nas a Biomarker for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus  \n1 Mateusz Kunysz   \n2 Marek Cieśla   \n1 Olimpia Mora-Janiszewska   \n1 Dorota Darmochwał-Kolarz   \nMateusz Kunysz, [e-mail:](e-mail: makunysz@ur.edu.pl)[ makunysz@ur.edu.pl](e-mail: makunysz@ur.edu.pl)[ ](e-mail: makunysz@ur.edu.pl)None declared  \nNone declared  \n1 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland  \n2 College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland  \nBackground: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication characterized by insulin resistance. Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of GDM. This study aimed to evaluate the methylation status of the interferon regulatory factors IRF5 and IRF7, which are key regulators of immune and inflammatory responses, in pregnant women with GDM.  \nMaterial/Methods: This study involved 62 pregnant women, including 39 with gestational diabetes mellitus and 23 healthy controls. The GDM diagnosis was based on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), performed at 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy. Peripheral blood samples were collected, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated for DNA extraction. DNA methylation analysis was performed on the IRF5 and IRF7 gene promoters using quantitative methylation-specific PCR (Q-MSP). Statistical analysis was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test for non-normally distributed data, and results were considered significant with a P value \u003C0.05.  \nResults: A significantly lower methylation level of the IRF5 gene was found in the GDM group compared to controls  \n(median: 0.26 vs 0.42, P=0.027). No significant differences in IRF7 methylation were observed between the 2 groups (P=0.35). Methylation levels of IRF5 and IRF7 did not correlate with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body mass index (BMI), or neonatal birth weight.  \nConclusions: This study demonstrates that reduced IRF5 gene methylation is associated with GDM, suggesting a potential role of IRF5 hypomethylation in the inflammatory processes of the disease. The lack of methylation changes in IRF7 indicates its lesser relevance in GDM pathogenesis. These findings suggest that IRF5 methylation could serve as a novel epigenetic biomarker for GDM, independent of traditional clinical markers. Future studies should explore the functional role of IRF5 hypomethylation in GDM pathophysiology and its potential for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.  \nKeywords: Diabetes, Gestational • Interferon Regulatory Factors • Methylation  \nFull-text PDF: [https://www.medscimonit.com/abstract/index/idArt/948320](https://www.medscimonit.com/abstract/index/idArt/948320)  \n3500  2  8  37  \nPublisher’s note: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher  \nThis work is licensed under Creative Common AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)  \ne948320-1  \nIndexed in: [Current Contents/Clinical Medicine] [SCI Expanded] [ISI Alerting System][ISI Journals Master List] [Index Medicus/MEDLINE] [EMBASE/Excerpta Medi","cbCaifno7Pij1THJ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifno7Pij1THJ","pdf",3578318,11,12,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n# Material/Methods\n# Results\n# Conclusions\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"What was the main objective of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate DNA methylation status of IRF5 and IRF7 gene promoters in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).\"},{\"question\":\"How were participants diagnosed and how was methylation measured?\",\"answer\":\"GDM was diagnosed using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24–28 weeks. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used for DNA extraction, and promoter methylation was analyzed by quantitative methylation-specific PCR (Q-MSP).\"},{\"question\":\"Which biomarker showed a significant difference between GDM and controls?\",\"answer\":\"IRF5 gene methylation was significantly lower in the GDM group compared with controls, while IRF7 methylation showed no significant difference.\"}]","Reduced Methylation of IRF5 Gene - as a Biomarker for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus | PDF",1790671548,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"ok",{"site_id":76,"language":75,"slug":84,"title":65,"keywords":85,"description":66,"schema_data":86,"social_meta":140,"head_meta":142,"extra_data":144,"updated_unix":145},"reduced-methylation-of-irf5-gene-as-a-biomarker-for-gestational-diabetes-mellitus","",{"@graph":87,"@context":139},[88,102,122],{"@type":89,"itemListElement":90},"BreadcrumbList",[91,95,97,100],{"item":92,"name":93,"@type":94,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":96,"name":9,"@type":94,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":98,"name":35,"@type":94,"position":99},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":101,"name":65,"@type":94,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/reduced-methylation-of-irf5-gene-as-a-biomarker-for-gestational-diabetes-mellitus/435038/",{"url":101,"name":65,"@type":103,"image":104,"author":109,"headline":65,"publisher":111,"fileFormat":114,"inLanguage":75,"description":66,"dateModified":115,"datePublished":116,"encodingFormat":114,"isAccessibleForFree":117,"interactionStatistic":118},"DigitalDocument",{"url":105,"@type":106,"width":107,"height":108},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/reduced-methylation-of-irf5-gene-as-a-biomarker-for-gestational-diabetes-mellitus/435038.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":63,"@type":110},"Person",{"url":92,"name":112,"@type":113},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":119,"interactionType":120,"userInteractionCount":72},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":121},"ViewAction",{"@type":123,"mainEntity":124},"FAQPage",[125,131,135],{"name":126,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":128},"What was the main objective of the study?","Question",{"text":129,"@type":130},"To evaluate DNA methylation status of IRF5 and IRF7 gene promoters in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).","Answer",{"name":132,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":133},"How were participants diagnosed and how was methylation measured?",{"text":134,"@type":130},"GDM was diagnosed using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24–28 weeks. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used for DNA extraction, and promoter methylation was analyzed by quantitative methylation-specific PCR (Q-MSP).",{"name":136,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":137},"Which biomarker showed a significant difference between GDM and controls?",{"text":138,"@type":130},"IRF5 gene methylation was significantly lower in the GDM group compared with controls, while IRF7 methylation showed no significant difference.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":101,"og:type":141,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":112,"og:description":66},"article",{"robots":143,"canonical":101},"index,follow",{"doc_id":61,"site_id":76},1790726743]