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Drawing on analysis of eight texts, it identifies guidance gaps and proposes recommendations for authors, publishers, program directors, and teachers to improve usability for novice, advanced beginner, and competent instructors.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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uncertain.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How is teacher expertise described, and how is it applied to pronunciation teaching?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Using Berliner’s stages (novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, expert), the article applies the idea that pronunciation teachers may enter teaching at levels beyond the novice stage, yet still need guidance for unfamiliar content.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},598080,1792189066,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & 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Pronunciation Textbooks  \nNovice teachers often look to textbooks and teacher’s manuals for guidance when preparing courses, learning course content, and delivering instruction to students. In the field of pronunciation, however, materials creators face an unusual difficulty when designing resources because beginner teachers often are not truly novices: They might have limited experience teaching pronunciation content but be experienced teachers in other language fields, such as writing, reading, or ESL. This article examines 8 pronunciation texts (5 textbooks and 3 corresponding teacher’s manuals) to discover what guidance is offered to teachers. In particular, the researcher, a writing instructor who recently tutored pronunciation, offers insights into an analysis of this support for different types of beginner teachers—novice, advanced beginner, and competent. The findings include recommendations for authors and publishers of such materials as well as for program directorsand teachers to enhance and ensure the usefulness of these resources for all instructors.  \nAll teachers begin as novices, anxious about any number of issues  \nrelated to teaching: the curriculum, the students, schedul  \ning the term, building authority, and so on. While all novice teachers face challenges, not all beginner teachers are novices, and the teaching of pronunciation presents unusual difficulties for instructors trying to gain expertise. Three key realities that influence beginner pronunciation teachers are important. First, though scholars are inclined to agree that pronunciation is a crucial aspect of teaching English to language learners, few pronunciation-focused courses are  \nThe CATESOL Journal 30.1 • 2018 • 231  \noffered; typically pronunciation, if it is offered, is incorporated into courses dedicated to a variety of ESL topics. Next, compared to other TESOL specialties, fewer established textbooks, pedagogical training opportunities, and resources exist to aid teaching pronunciation. Finally, even faculty expertise is not certain. Celce-Murcia, Brinton, and Goodwin (2010) observe that ESL programs are often housed in English departments with teachers more likely trained in literature than linguistics.  \nIn sum, these facts illustrate that teachers have limited resources to aid teaching pronunciation regardless of whether they teach the topic in a stand-alone course or as a component of a general ESL class. That is especially important since teachers of pronunciation, while perhaps confident teaching in other areas, might not be trained in pronunciation pedagogy and content. Thus, while some beginner pronunciation teachers might need help developing classroom-management skills or a teaching persona, more of them likely need guidance learning and designing activities around content related to the English sound system.  \nTypically, beginner teachers turn to a variety of resources to guide them as they build expertise. They might seek out local mentors, read scholarship in the field, and attend disciplinary conferences—though these options can be unavailable, time consuming, and expensive. More easily accessible options are online resources and forums, and, of course, the textbook and teacher’s manual, if one has been provided. Yet, the abundance of supplemental resources indicates that the textbooks and teacher’s manuals might not be as useful for pronunciation teachers as the authors and publishers would like to believe,1 perhaps in part because pronunciation teachers come from a variety of backgrounds with a range of experience.  \nExamining expertise in teaching, Berliner (1994) articulates five stages at which expertise is developed. At the first stage, the novice level, teachers are “learning the objective facts and features of situations” to acquire expertise (p. 10) . At the second stage, the advanced beginner level, teachers have more confidenc","cbCaidmotbc6Oclk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidmotbc6Oclk","pdf",168305,18,"English","# Introduction\n## What counts as “beginner” in pronunciation teaching\n## Resource limitations and instructional support","[{\"question\":\"Why does the article distinguish beginner pronunciation teachers from true novices?\",\"answer\":\"It explains that many pronunciation teachers have limited experience teaching pronunciation content but are experienced teachers in other language areas, so they are not truly novices.\"},{\"question\":\"What factors create unusual difficulties in designing resources for beginner pronunciation teachers?\",\"answer\":\"The article notes that pronunciation-focused courses are often scarce, dedicated textbooks and training are limited, and even faculty expertise may be uncertain.\"},{\"question\":\"How is teacher expertise described, and how is it applied to pronunciation teaching?\",\"answer\":\"Using Berliner’s stages (novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, expert), the article applies the idea that pronunciation teachers may enter teaching at levels beyond the novice stage, yet still need guidance for unfamiliar content.\"}]","Reconsidering Assumptions of Beginner Teachers’ Needs - An Examination of Commonly Used Pronunciation Textbooks | PDF",1792086247,45]