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It includes 40 recommendations and six good practice statements, developed via systematic reviews and the WHO guideline development handbook using the GRADE approach. The evidence synthesis informs decisions on benefits and harms, costs, feasibility, acceptability, and equity. Good practice statements cover general infertility management, while prevention guidance focuses on fertility and infertility information and reducing infertility risk from sexually transmitted infections.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/recommendations-from-the-who-guideline-for-the-prevention-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-infertility/440183/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/recommendations-from-the-who-guideline-for-the-prevention-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-infertility/440183.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Anna Hans","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-02","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the WHO guideline recommend regarding infertility?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It provides 40 recommendations and six good practice statements for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infertility for individuals and couples.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the guideline developed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It was developed using systematic reviews (new or updated) and the GRADE approach within the WHO guideline development framework, with drafting, external review by an ERG, and WHO approval.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What areas are covered under infertility prevention and general management?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Prevention guidance focuses on providing information about fertility and infertility and reducing infertility risk from sexually transmitted infections, while good practice statements address general management including selection of tests, listening to patients, choosing treatment decisions, clinical follow-up, and documenting outcomes.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},440183,1790928275,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},5909892332657,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Human Reproduction, 2026, 41(1), 25–38  \n[https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf212](https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf212)  \nAdvance Access Publication Date: November 28, 2025  \nOriginal Article  \nInfertility  \nRecommendations from the WHO guideline for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infertility†  \nWorld Health Organisation Guideline Development Group for Infertility‡; Gitau Mburu 1, 􀀃 , Nancy Santesso2,  \nRomina Brignardello-Petersen2, Richard Kennedy3, Cynthia Farquhar 4, Jacky Boivin 5, Guido Pennings 6, Linda C. Giudice7, Robert W. Rebar8, Luca Gianaroli 9, Lan N. Vuong 10, Sandro C. Esteves 11, Christopher J. DeJonge12, Allan Pacey 13, Willem Ombelet 14, Tansu Kucuk15, Barbara L. Collura16, Klaudija Kordic17, Paula Amato18, Thabo Matsaseng19, and James Kiarie1  \n1UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Department of  \nSexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland 2Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada 3Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand 5Women’s Health Research Wales, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK  \n6Department of Philosophy and Moral Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium  \n7Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA 8Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA  \n9Interdisciplinary Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Bologna, Italy  \n10University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 11ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, Brazil 12Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA  \n13Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK 14Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, LCRC, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium  \n15Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Acibadem Healthcare Group, Maslak Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey 16RESOLVE, The National Infertility Association, McLean, VI, USA  \n17Pan-European Organisation of Patient Associations (Fertility Europe), Evere, Belgium  \n18Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA 19Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Western Cape, South Africa  \n􀀃 Correspondence address. UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [E-mail: mburug@who.int](E-mail: mburug@who.int)  https://orcid.org/0000-00002-5812-0529  \nABSTRACT  \nSTUDY QUESTION: What is the recommended prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infertility among individuals and couples? SUMMARY ANSWER: The World Health Organization (WHO) made 40 recommendations and six good practice statements for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infertility.  \nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The field of sexual and reproductive health care, including family planning has progressed in the last several decades. Significant progress has also been made in the field of medically assisted reproduction. Globally, one in six people experience infertility in their lifetime. However, many countries do not include the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infertility in health policies, financing, and services, and many do not have national clinical guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infertility. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The guideline was developed according to the WHO handbook for guideline development. A Guideline D","cbCaibZlFAZ5JNNQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibZlFAZ5JNNQ","pdf",2060861,14,"English","# Abstract\n## Study question and summary answer\n## What is known already\n## Study design, size, duration\n## Participants/materials, setting, methods\n## Main results and role of chance","[{\"question\":\"What does the WHO guideline recommend regarding infertility?\",\"answer\":\"It provides 40 recommendations and six good practice statements for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infertility for individuals and couples.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the guideline developed?\",\"answer\":\"It was developed using systematic reviews (new or updated) and the GRADE approach within the WHO guideline development framework, with drafting, external review by an ERG, and WHO approval.\"},{\"question\":\"What areas are covered under infertility prevention and general management?\",\"answer\":\"Prevention guidance focuses on providing information about fertility and infertility and reducing infertility risk from sexually transmitted infections, while good practice statements address general management including selection of tests, listening to patients, choosing treatment decisions, clinical follow-up, and documenting outcomes.\"}]","Recommendations from the WHO guideline for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infertility | PDF",1790691429,35]