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The editorial contrasts Chile’s attention with the limited scrutiny of Cuba’s civil and political liberties, arguing that recognition and diplomatic relations do not legitimize governments that violate those principles.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/religion-spirituality/","Religion & Spirituality",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/recognition-chile-and-cuba-hemispherica-a-year-of-referendum/418448/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/recognition-chile-and-cuba-hemispherica-a-year-of-referendum/418448.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"hdkawk","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-16","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What does the issue propose about May 1974 to May 1975?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It proposes regarding May 1974–May 1975 as a “Year of Referendum,” a period for self-examination about past and future purposes, activities, and goals.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"Why does the issue emphasize the legal observers arriving in Santiago?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"It describes their unprecedented access to observe trials of individuals detained around the September 11 military action and stresses that the military government permitted and even encouraged responsible legal bodies to send observers.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How does the issue compare attention to Chile with attention to Cuba?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"It argues that commissions investigating Chile have not similarly raised concerns about juridical conditions in other Latin American countries, especially Cuba, despite calls for recognition and admission into the Inter-American 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25 years.Before ourorganization was formalized,at the his-toric Havana meeting in May 1950,wewere effectively working as a commit-tee under the aegis of the world body,the International League for HumanRights.And even long before...·  \nHowever,we take note of this ar-bitrary milestone of the 25th year一symbolic,if you will,but as a point ofpause for reflection and projection.  \nSurveying the hemisphere of this mo-ment,it seems ineredible that only aquarter of a century should have tran-spired since we were organized —s0marked are the changes in the regionalpolitical picture.To speak truly,thesechanges are much a part of worldchanges,the disturbing contagion ofwhich is seeping into all regions of ourplanet.  \n求    *    事  \nHowever,I address myself in this noteto the milestone of our association andto the year 1975.Recently conversingon this theme with our Latin Americancolleagues,I proposed that we regardthe year May 1974-May 1975 as a\"Yearof Referendum,\"a year of self-examina-tion as to the past and the future;asto the present and future validity of ourpurposes,our activities,our goals.  \nCertainly,scrutinizing the hemisphereperspectives of 1975,we know they arevastly different from those of 1950.But how can they best be summavized?  \nSpeaking with Carlos Andres Perez,a few days after his inauguration asPresident of Venezuela,he reminded meof an observation I had made a fewyears ago:In evaluating the changes inthe Americas,I said,and paraphraseagain,that in 1950our aims were muchclearer to us;the fight was againstpolitieal tyranny and on behalf of humandignity,it was synthesized in the idealsof the democratic system,as the onehope of civil and political liberties.In1950,the lines of battle could bepolarized,so to speak.The enemiesof individual dignity were visible andovert:the dictators,their brutal systemof suppression and their greedy posses-sion of their lands.They were then per-sonified in such figures as Trujillo,  \nBy FRANCES R.GRANT  \nPerez Jimenez,Rojas Pinilla,and othersof their ilk.  \nToday the battle lines confronting usare not so clear —the enemies of hu-man dignity and freedom are amorphous.They are not always focused in per-sonalities—sometimes they are sprawl-ing forces.Often the ideas and ideologieswhich they profess form a turgid spec-trum,which spreads from the extremeleft to extreme right;their policy is often only terror.True,a few vestiges  \n# RECOGNITION:CHILE AND CUBA\n\nHEMISPHERICA  \nA YEAR OF REFERENDUM  \nIT would be difficult to recall a recentperiod in hemispheric history when8o many paradoxical situations are ap-parent and when dizzying \"inconsis-tencies”seem to be the rule.  \nAt the moment,the two countrieswhich focus hemispherie attention inthis anomalous pattern are Chile andCuba.  \nOf the first,we point out that,in un-precedented numbers,an entire armyof lawyers is arriving in Santiago,freely,and without obstructions fromthe military government,to observe thetrials of the individuals detained at thetime of the military action of September  \n11,or since then.  \nOut of fairness to the present govern-ment it should be emphasized that thisis the first time,to this writer's recol-lection,that a military government notonly has permitted such commissions oflegal experts to come freely,but eveninvited and encouraged responsiblebodies to send their observers.We un-derline this,since it has generally re-mained unmentioned by erstwhile critics,even among them some of the journalis-tic media.  \nIn addition to the earlier visits ofpractically every international organiza-tion concerned with political prisoners,refugees,human rights,ete.this presentarray of lawyers and legal experts whoare visiting Chile and observing itstrials include among them an ad hoccommittee of lawyers from Oregon,alsoformer U.SRepresentative CharlesPorter,a commission from the Interna-tional Jurists Commission,a spe","cbCaig960p63LIyA","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaig960p63LIyA","pdf",1805789,"English","# RECOGNITION: CHILE AND CUBA\n## HEMISPHERICA\n## A YEAR OF REFERENDUM","[{\"question\":\"What does the issue propose about May 1974 to May 1975?\",\"answer\":\"It proposes regarding May 1974–May 1975 as a “Year of Referendum,” a period for self-examination about past and future purposes, activities, and goals.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the issue emphasize the legal observers arriving in Santiago?\",\"answer\":\"It describes their unprecedented access to observe trials of individuals detained around the September 11 military action and stresses that the military government permitted and even encouraged responsible legal bodies to send observers.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the issue compare attention to Chile with attention to Cuba?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that commissions investigating Chile have not similarly raised concerns about juridical conditions in other Latin American countries, especially Cuba, despite calls for recognition and admission into the Inter-American family.\"}]","RECOGNITION:CHILE AND CUBA - HEMISPHERICA - A YEAR OF REFERENDUM | PDF",1790613217,13]