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This review presents core concepts, mechanisms, benefits, limitations, and emerging therapeutic integration strategies, and surveys recent applications including diabetes, cancer therapy, and wound healing while outlining future directions.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/recent-progress-of-nir-light-controlled-microneedles-and-therapeutic-applications-a-review-study/459579/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/recent-progress-of-nir-light-controlled-microneedles-and-therapeutic-applications-a-review-study/459579.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"WPS_1786070896","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-08","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why 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\n[https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-025-06980-6](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-025-06980-6)  \nENGINEERING AND NANO-ENGINEERING APPROACHES FOR MEDICAL  \nDEVICES   \nReview Article  \nRecent progress of NIR light-controlled microneedles and therapeutic applications: A review study  \nNafiseh Farhadian1 ● Reza Abachizadeh1 ● Shaghayegh Kouhestani1  \nReceived: 2 October 2025 / Accepted: 18 November 2025 © The Author(s) 2025  \nAbstract  \nTransdermal drug delivery presents an appealing alternative to traditional administration methods like oral and injection routes, as it circumvents first-pass metabolism, minimizes pain and infection risks, and enhances patient compliance. Nonetheless, the skin barrier remains a significant obstacle to delivering most medications through the skin. Microneedles (MNs) represent an innovative technology that can address this issue by forming tiny pores in the skin, facilitating the transport of drugs or biomolecules. MNs are manufactured from various materials and come in different designs and classifications. They can also be activated by external stimuli, such as near-infrared (NIR) light, which excels over other light types for this application due to its deeper tissue penetration, allowing for on-demand and precise temporal drug delivery. This review primarily concentrates on NIR light-controlled MNs, which respond to NIR light exposure to release drugs. Here, the fundamental concepts and mechanisms behind NIR light-controlled MNs are introduced, which utilize NIR lightsensitive materials or devices that alter their properties or functions in response to NIR light exposure. Benefits and difficulties associated with NIR light-controlled MNs, such as their extensive penetration capability, low toxicity, and accurate control, are examined. The potential for integrating NIR light-controlled MNs with other therapeutic strategies to boost their efficacy will be investigated. Recent advancements and applications of NIR light-controlled MNs in diverse areas, including diabetes management, cancer therapy, and wound healing, are reviewed. Finally, the future directions for their application will be addressed.  \nGraphical Abstract  \n1 Introduction  \nVarious methods exist for drug delivery into the human body, one of which is the transdermal drug delivery (TDD) method that aims to administer drugs through the skin layers [1] . The skin, being the largest organ in the human body and abundant in body fluids, represents a viable  \npathway for drug administration [2] . Leveraging the skin asthe site for drug delivery is an appealing choice for distributing therapeutics such as vaccines, medications, biomolecules, and challenging small molecules [3] . Although this method offers benefits such as avoiding first-pass metabolism and the severe chemical conditions of the gastrointestinal tract found in oral administration, the application of skin for therapeutic delivery is still not widely adopted due to its notable barrier characteristics [4, 5] .  \nAmong the various TDD techniques, Microneedles (MNs) have garnered interest from numerous research organizations and companies [3], and are increasingly recognized for their cost-effective approach and capability to deliver medication into the deeper layers of the skin for pain management [6], which is why they are viewed as effective, painless, and reliable drug delivery systems [7] . The protective, inflammatory, and immune characteristics of the skin make the MN delivery system a compelling alternative to traditional drug delivery methods, addressing their limitations [3] . Controlled release of drugs can ensure prolonged retention times for chronic pain treatment. Hence, the transdermal route also emerges as an option to mitigate drug misuse and provide long-lasting pain relief [8] .  \nNear-infrared (NIR) light-controlled MNs are a special class of MNs that offer controlled drug release by responding to NIR light, and ","cbCaieOm3D1R85ec","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieOm3D1R85ec","pdf",5624308,23,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Transdermal drug delivery and skin barriers\n## Microneedles and controlled release\n## NIR light-controlled microneedles overview\n# What are MNs?\n## Definition and mechanism of microneedles","[{\"question\":\"Why is transdermal drug delivery considered a desirable route?\",\"answer\":\"It avoids first-pass metabolism, minimizes pain and infection risks, and improves patient compliance compared with oral or injection routes.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do microneedles play in overcoming skin barrier limitations?\",\"answer\":\"Microneedles form tiny pores in the skin, enabling transport of drugs or biomolecules through the transdermal pathway.\"},{\"question\":\"How do NIR light-controlled microneedles improve controlled drug release?\",\"answer\":\"They respond to near-infrared light to release payloads with on-demand timing, leveraging deeper tissue penetration for more precise temporal control.\"}]","Recent progress of NIR light-controlled microneedles and therapeutic applications - A review study | PDF",1790756295,58]