[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-159142-105":59,"doc-detail-159142-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","realizing-forgetting-in-a-modified-sparse-distributed-memory-system","Realizing Forgetting in a Modified Sparse Distributed Memory System","","Research investigates effective forgetting mechanisms for the modified Sparse Distributed Memory (SDM) system, motivated as a candidate transient episodic memory (TEM) component for software agents such as IDA. Forgetting theories considered include retrieval failures, decay, and interference, with SDM architecture providing inherent support for interference and retrieval failures. Two decay mechanisms are implemented in the modified SDM, and experimental results are reported. Results indicate decay mechanisms complement SDM architectural features to realize forgetting in TEM.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/realizing-forgetting-in-a-modified-sparse-distributed-memory-system/159142/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/realizing-forgetting-in-a-modified-sparse-distributed-memory-system/159142.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Taylor Morgan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-08","2026-08-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What forgetting mechanisms are studied in the modified Sparse Distributed Memory system?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The paper focuses on retrieval failures, decay, and interference, and explains how SDM architecture can naturally support interference and retrieval failures.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How is transient episodic memory (TEM) related to this research?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The study treats the modified SDM system as a candidate mechanism for TEM in cognitive software agents, where information retention is limited to hours.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What new implementations does the paper introduce and what do experiments show?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Two decay mechanisms are implemented in the modified SDM system, and experimental results support that these decay mechanisms complement SDM’s inherent features to realize forgetting for TEM.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},159142,1788013456,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":144},1099523885336,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Realizing Forgetting in a Modified Sparse Distributed Memory System  \nUma Ramamurthy ([urmmrthy@memphis.edu](urmmrthy@memphis.edu) )  \nThe Institute for Intelligent Systems, 365 Innovation Drive  \nMemphis, TN 38152, USA  \nSidney K. D’Mello ([sdmello@memphis.edu](sdmello@memphis.edu))  \nComputer Science Department & The Institute for Intelligent Systems, 365 Innovation Drive, Memphis, TN 38152, USA  \nStan Franklin ([franklin@memphis.edu](franklin@memphis.edu) )  \nComputer Science Department & The Institute for Intelligent Systems, 365 Innovation Drive, Memphis, TN 38152, USA  \nAbstract  \nThis paper presents research on the development of effective forgetting mechanisms for the modified Sparse Distributed Memory (SDM) system, which shows promise to be a good candidate for use as Transient Episodic Memory (TEM) in software agents such as IDA. Possible theories and mechanisms for forgetting are retrieval failures, decay and interference. The SDM architecture has inherent features to effect interference and retrieval failures. We have implemented two decay mechanisms in the modified SDM system. In this paper, we present the decay mechanisms and the experimental results. We argue that the decay mechanisms compliment the inherent features of the SDM architecture in realizing forgetting for TEM.  \nIntroduction  \nIt is well established that, in content-addressable, associative, episodic memories 1, interference results when similar events over time become merged into a general event, blurring their details (Chandler, 1991; Lenhart & Freeman, 1995; Lindsay & Read, 1995) . Thus, declarative memory (long-term memory for autobiographical events and semantic knowledge) cannot be counted on to help with the recall of where one parked one’s car in the parking garage this morning or what one had for lunch yesterday. These events are much too similar to a myriad of earlier such events. Yet such recall is essential for cognitive functioning. One needs to know where to find one’s car.  \nIn order to circumvent these functional difficulties associated with the retrieval of detailed information of recent events we hypothesize that humans have a contentaddressable, associative, transient episodic memory (TEM) with an information retention period measured in hours (Baars & Franklin, 2003; Franklin, Baars, Ramamurthy & Ventura, 2005) . Humans are able to recall in great detail events of the immediate past – where they park their cars, whom they met that morning, what they discussed, what  \n1 In content addressable memories retrieval of a stored pattern is based on its degree of similarity to a retrieval cue, and not to an explicit address like a computer memory (RAM) . An associative memory makes associations between related patterns, such that when one is encountered, the related patterns can be recalled. Episodic memories encode events with semantic, spatial, and temporal features, i.e., the what, the where, and the when.  \nthey had for meals, etc. The details of these events/episodes stay with us only for short durations – a few hours to a day. For different empirical reasons, Conway postulates a sensory-perceptual episodic memory (similar to TEM) with an information retention period measured in hours or perhaps a day, and with a sizable capacity (2001) . Donald also assumes a quite similar TEM to which he refers as an intermediate-term working memory (2001), while Panksepp speaks of a “transient memory store” (1998, page 129) . Baddeley has proposed that working memory includes an episodic buffer that can hold episodic information for a short duration (2000) .  \nIn order to achieve an acceptable degree of specificity as required by TEM, an effective mechanism for forgetting needs to be in place. Two primary theories and possible mechanisms of forgetting are decay (Brown, 1958; Ebbinghaus, 1985/1964; Peterson & Peterson, 1959) and interference (Keppel & Underwood, 1962; McGeoch, 1932; Waugh & Norman, 1965) . Interference influences forgetting becaus","cbCaituM2HqF2Z9o","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaituM2HqF2Z9o","pdf",74508,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Forgetting in content-addressable episodic memory\n## Transient episodic memory hypothesis\n## Mechanisms of forgetting: decay, interference, retrieval failures\n## Motivation for modeling human memory in cognitive agents\n## SDM as a model for distributed transient episodic representations","[{\"question\":\"What forgetting mechanisms are studied in the modified Sparse Distributed Memory system?\",\"answer\":\"The paper focuses on retrieval failures, decay, and interference, and explains how SDM architecture can naturally support interference and retrieval failures.\"},{\"question\":\"How is transient episodic memory (TEM) related to this research?\",\"answer\":\"The study treats the modified SDM system as a candidate mechanism for TEM in cognitive software agents, where information retention is limited to hours.\"},{\"question\":\"What new implementations does the paper introduce and what do experiments show?\",\"answer\":\"Two decay mechanisms are implemented in the modified SDM system, and experimental results support that these decay mechanisms complement SDM’s inherent features to realize forgetting for TEM.\"}]","Realizing Forgetting in a Modified Sparse Distributed Memory System | PDF",15]