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Recent shifts in commercial regulation, consumer protection, and electronic trade prompt reassessment of the doctrine’s scope and adequacy. The paper argues that statutory frameworks such as the FCCPA and Nigeria’s Data Protection Act 2023 create alternative redress pathways and change evidentiary and risk allocation dynamics for online transactions. It maps doctrinal options, statutory reform, and judicial responses to reconcile nemo dat with modern consumer protection and digital commerce.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/re-assessing-the-nemo-dat-rule-in-nigerian-sale-of-goods-transactions-article/291710/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/re-assessing-the-nemo-dat-rule-in-nigerian-sale-of-goods-transactions-article/291710.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Patrick","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",14,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the nemo dat doctrine in Nigerian sale-of-goods law?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It is the principle that a seller cannot transfer a better title than he possesses, preserving the sanctity of property rights by ensuring only valid title can be transferred to a buyer.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Why does the paper call for reassessing nemo dat in Nigeria?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Commercial and regulatory conditions have shifted through modern statutory developments affecting transactional risk allocation, consumer remedies, and governance of digital markets.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which laws and frameworks are discussed as interacting with nemo dat?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The paper highlights the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Act (FCCPA), the Nigeria Data Protection Act 2023, consumer-protection instruments including CBN framework efforts, and contemporary state sale-of-goods provisions and electronic-transaction legislation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},291710,1789646532,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},549758146520,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80002397d8c0411e94?_k=1775819394049821470","International Journal of Innovative Legal & Political Studies 13(4):237-242, Oct-Dec, 2025  \n © SEAHI PUBLICATIONS, 2025 [www.seahipublications.org](www.seahipublications.org) ISSN: 2467-8503  \ndoi:10.5281/zenodo.18783993  \nRe-Assessing The Nemo Dat Rule In Nigerian Sale Of  \nGoods Transactions  \nDr Emmanuel Okechukwu Udaya, CAN, ACArb, MBA, MSc, LL.M, LL.B, Ph.D, BL Senior Lecturer, Spiritan University Nneochi, Abia State, Nigeria  \nABSTRACT  \nThe nemo dat quod non habet principle that a seller cannot transfer a better title than he possesses has long underpinned Nigerian sale-of-goods jurisprudence through the transplanted Sale of Goods Act of 1893 and related state enactments. Yet the commercial and regulatory landscape that shapes title-transfer, consumer protection, and electronic trade has shifted significantly in recent years, calling for a reassessment of the doctrine’s scope and adequacy. The paper argues that doctrinal fidelity to nemo dat must be recalibrated in light of contemporary statutory developments that alter transactional risk allocation, consumer remedies, and the governance of digital markets. The first, sector-wide statutory frameworks such as the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Act (FCCPA) enhance statutory remedies for defective or misdescribed goods and expand administrative enforcement tools developments that affect the practical consequences of a bad title for innocent purchasers and downstream consumers. The FCCPA’s consumer-rights architecture therefore interacts with nemo dat by creating alternative redress pathways beyond pure property based claims while the second, the advent of the Nigeria Data Protection Act 2023 and burgeoning electronic-transaction legislation transform how goods are marketed, sold and verified online. Data and digital-transaction rules change evidentiary dynamics, identity verification, and platform liability, making it technically easier to trace provenance or to allocate loss where title defects arise and raising policy questions about whether nemo dat should yield to statutory allocation of digital risk. The Central Bank and sectoral consumer-protection instruments including the CBN’s Consumer Protection framework and recent state efforts to domesticate or modernize Sale of Goods provisions illustrate a patchwork regulatory response that both reinforces and complicates nemo dat’s operation in practice. Where states have adapted sale-of-goods rules or where regulators impose strict product-liability obligations, courts may be invited to harmonize common-law title principles with statutory consumer protections. The paper concludes by mapping doctrinal options statutory exceptions, statutory reform including a modernised Sale of Goods statute, and judicially-crafted equitable responses that preserve property security while delivering fairness in modern commercial exchanges. It proposes targeted reforms to reconcile nemo dat with consumer protection, digital commerce, and regulatory risk allocation, so Nigerian law remains fit for twenty-first century trade.  \nKeywords: Nemo Dat Quad Non-Habet, Sale of Goods, Bona fide purchaser, Exceptions to Nemo Rule, Void and Voidable Title, Property Transfer.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nThe nemo dat quod non habet rule literally,“no one gives what he does not have” remains a foundational doctrine in Nigerian commercial law, particularly in the regulation of sale of goods transactions. Rooted  \nUdaya ..…. Int. J. Innov. Legal & Political Studies 13(4):237-242, 2025  \nin English common law and inherited through the Sale of Goods Act 18931 applicable in various states by reception, the principle aims to preserve the sanctity of property rights by ensuring that only a person with valid title can transfer ownership to a buyer. While this traditional formulation protects true owners, it has often generated tension with the commercial need to protect bona fide purchasers who acquire goods in good faith without notice of defects in the seller","cbCaimVzCtprCadO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimVzCtprCadO","pdf",650429,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Nemo dat as a foundational Nigerian doctrine\n## Legislative reforms affecting nemo dat’s application\n## Consumer rights and administrative enforcement\n## Aim and scope of the reassessment","[{\"question\":\"What is the nemo dat doctrine in Nigerian sale-of-goods law?\",\"answer\":\"It is the principle that a seller cannot transfer a better title than he possesses, preserving the sanctity of property rights by ensuring only valid title can be transferred to a buyer.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the paper call for reassessing nemo dat in Nigeria?\",\"answer\":\"Commercial and regulatory conditions have shifted through modern statutory developments affecting transactional risk allocation, consumer remedies, and governance of digital markets.\"},{\"question\":\"Which laws and frameworks are discussed as interacting with nemo dat?\",\"answer\":\"The paper highlights the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Act (FCCPA), the Nigeria Data Protection Act 2023, consumer-protection instruments including CBN framework efforts, and contemporary state sale-of-goods provisions and electronic-transaction legislation.\"}]","Re-Assessing The Nemo Dat Rule In Nigerian Sale Of Goods Transactions - Article | PDF",15]