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Longitudinal monitoring is performed with single-cell sequencing to capture tumor evolution, cellular dynamics, and communication networks. The resulting platform recapitulates key single-cell molecular features seen in human bladder cancer and is designed to support scalable, physiologically relevant preclinical drug screening. This integrated framework addresses limits of conventional models and strengthens investigation of tumor origin, progression, and immune escape.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/rapid-establishment-of-kras-driven-bladder-cancer-initiation-and-immune-escape-models-using-genetically-engineered-mice-and-organoid-approaches/351400/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/rapid-establishment-of-kras-driven-bladder-cancer-initiation-and-immune-escape-models-using-genetically-engineered-mice-and-organoid-approaches/351400.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Sophia Brooks","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-24","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What main goal does the study target?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study aims to rapidly establish KRAS-driven bladder cancer initiation and immune escape models that better represent human disease biology for downstream research and therapeutic testing.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How are the models built in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"An integrated strategy is used, combining a novel GEMM with organoid technology, with tumor behavior tracked longitudinally.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What technique is used to monitor tumor evolution and cellular dynamics?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Single-cell sequencing is applied to monitor tumor evolution and cellular dynamics over time.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"Why are these models considered useful for drug development?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"The models recapitulate single-cell molecular features and cellular communication networks from human bladder cancer and provide a scalable, physiologically relevant platform for preclinical drug screening.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},351400,1790240630,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":143,"language":144,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":145,"faqs":146,"seo_title":147,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":148,"read_time":149},962084925636,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","TYPE Original Research PUBLISHED 23 March 2026  \nDOI 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1726443  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nChun-Wai Mai,  \nIMU University, Malaysia  \nREVIEWED BY  \nHongda Zhao,  \nThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, China  \nQiang Li,  \nUniversity at Buffalo, United States  \n*CORRESPONDENCE  \nGuoliang Yang  \n[ygl0511@126.com](ygl0511@126.com)[ ](ygl0511@126.com)Mengyao Liu  \n [liumengyao@renji.com](liumengyao@renji.com)[ ](liumengyao@renji.com)Bin Yu  \n[yubinrenji@outlook.com](yubinrenji@outlook.com)[ ](yubinrenji@outlook.com)†These authors have contributed equally to this work  \nRECEIVED 20 October 2025  \nREVISED 27 February 2026  \nACCEPTED 28 February 2026  \nPUBLISHED 23 March 2026  \nCITATION  \nYang G, Wang Y, Fan Z, Wei G, Shen X, Zhang HJ, Liu M and Yu B (2026) Rapid establishment of KRAS-driven bladder cancer initiation and immune escape models using genetically engineered mice and organoid approaches.  \nFront. Immunol. 17:1726443 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1726443  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2026 Yang, Wang, Fan, Wei, Shen, Zhang, Liu and Yu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the  \nCreative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nRapid establishment of KRASdriven bladder cancer initiation and immune escape models using genetically engineered mice and organoid approaches  \nGuoliang Yang 1*†, Yishu Wang 2†, Zhangzhengyi Fan 1†, Guojiang Wei 1†, Xuqing Shen 3, HeJian Zhang 1, Mengyao Liu 1* and Bin Yu 4,5*  \n1 Department of Urology Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2 Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 3 Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China, 4State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China, 5Shanghai Key Laboratory for Cancer Systems Regulation and Clinical Translation (CSRCT), Shanghai, China  \nIntroduction: Bladder cancer is the tenth most common cancer worldwide and the sixth most common among men. However, research into representative tumor models for bladder cancer remains underdeveloped, limiting insights into tumor biology and drug development.  \nMethods: We developed an integrated approach combining a novel gene expression mouse model (GEMM) with advanced organoid technology. This system was tracked longitudinally using single-cell sequencing to monitor tumor evolution and cellular dynamics.  \nResults: Our model accurately recapitulates the single-cell molecular features and cellular communication networks observed in human bladder cancer. It provides a scalable and physiologically relevant platform for preclinical drug screening.  \nDiscussion: This integrated framework offers a new platform for studying tumor origin and evolution, overcoming key limitations of conventional systems and advancing bladder cancer research.  \nKEYWORDS  \nbladder cancer, genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM), KRAS oncogene, organoid culture, tumor immune escape  \nIntroduction  \nBladder cancer is the 10th most common cancer worldwide and the 6th most prevalent in men (1, 2) . It is clinically categorized into non-muscle-invasive (NMIBC) and muscleinvasive (MIBC) disease. Although NMIBC generally has a favorable prognosis, 60-70% of cases recur, and 10-20% progress to MIBC, which is associated with poorer outcomes (3, 4) . The genomic landscape of bladder cancer is marked by significant chromosomal instability and frequent alterations in tumor suppressor genes such as TP53, PTEN, a","cbCaijZ813kG4VZU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijZ813kG4VZU","pdf",25178329,15,"English","# Introduction\n# Methods\n# Results\n# Discussion\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"What main goal does the study target?\",\"answer\":\"The study aims to rapidly establish KRAS-driven bladder cancer initiation and immune escape models that better represent human disease biology for downstream research and therapeutic testing.\"},{\"question\":\"How are the models built in the study?\",\"answer\":\"An integrated strategy is used, combining a novel GEMM with organoid technology, with tumor behavior tracked longitudinally.\"},{\"question\":\"What technique is used to monitor tumor evolution and cellular dynamics?\",\"answer\":\"Single-cell sequencing is applied to monitor tumor evolution and cellular dynamics over time.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are these models considered useful for drug development?\",\"answer\":\"The models recapitulate single-cell molecular features and cellular communication networks from human bladder cancer and provide a scalable, physiologically relevant platform for preclinical drug screening.\"}]","Rapid establishment of KRAS-driven bladder cancer initiation and immune escape models using genetically engineered mice and organoid approaches | PDF",1790094009,38]