[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-455394-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-455394-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","raman-spectroscopy-probing-the-proteome","Raman Spectroscopy - Probing the proteome","","Raman spectroscopy can infer cellular physiology and proteome composition in E. coli by analyzing how scattered-photon energies shift across molecular, vibrational energy states. The technique is non-contact and non-invasive, enabling detection of chemical components including metabolites, sugars, RNA, proteins, and the extracellular matrix. In biological samples, proteins contribute substantially to Raman signals, while relative protein abundances change under different growth environments. By combining Raman mapping and multivariate analysis, including linear discriminant analysis of spectra across growth conditions, researchers demonstrate strong correlations between Raman spectral features and proteome composition.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/raman-spectroscopy-probing-the-proteome/455394/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/raman-spectroscopy-probing-the-proteome/455394.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"pixelkiddo","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"How does Raman spectroscopy work for probing proteins and other biomolecules?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Raman spectroscopy measures scattered light as a function of wavelength. Energy changes from Raman scattering reflect transitions related to molecular vibrational states, allowing inference of chemical and biomolecular composition and the surrounding environment.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"Why is the proteome important in biological Raman spectra?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Proteins account for a large fraction of dry weight in cells and therefore make a major contribution to the Raman spectrum. Shifts in protein abundance across environments also change the observed spectral peaks and troughs.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What statistical approach is used to relate Raman data to growth conditions and proteome composition?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Researchers apply linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to maximize differences between Raman data across growth conditions. The resulting LDA axes capture directions in multidimensional spectral space that correlate with growth rate and help distinguish between physiological states.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},455394,1790814816,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":30,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":111,"preview_page_count":4},962090883892,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e00115db34f3e0f11b?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1790152879550218658","INSIGHT  \nRAMAN SPECTROSCOPY  \nProbing the proteome  \nRaman spectroscopy can be used to predict cellular physiology and proteome composition in E. coli.  \nWEI-HSIANG LIN AND CHIA-LIANG CHENG  \n Copyright Lin and Cheng. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.  \nRelated research article Kamei KF, Kobayashi-Kirschvink KJ, Nozoe T, Nakaoka H, Umetani M, Wakamoto  \nY. 2025. Revealing global stoichiometry conservation architecture in cells from Raman spectral patterns. eLife 14:RP101485 . doi: 10.7554/eLife.101485  \nWhen a photon of light is scattered by  \na molecule, the energy of the photon  \ngenerally remains the same. In a small number of cases, however, the energy of the photon can change. This process is called Raman scattering and was discovered in 1928 by the Indian physicist CV Raman, who went on to receive the Nobel Prize in Physics two years later for discovering it.  \nRaman scattering typically happens when the photon excites the molecule from its initial state into a state with a higher vibrational energy, which results in the photon having less energy (and hence a longer wavelength) than it had before. Less frequently, the scattered photon can have more energy (and hence a shorter wavelength) than it had initially. Every molecule has a unique set of energy states, so analyzing the Raman spectrum – that is, measuring the number of the scattered photons as a function of wavelength – can tell us quite a lot about the molecule itself. Moreover, since the energy levels of the molecule are influenced by other molecules in the vicinity, the Raman spectrum also contains information about the surrounding environment.  \nHistorically, Raman spectroscopy has been a popular tool for studying molecules in chemistry, and also for studying lattice vibrations in solid  \nmaterials in physics. Now, thanks to the fact that it is a non-contact and non-invasive technique, it is emerging as a potentially powerful technique in the life and biomedical sciences (Chandra et al., 2024; Hose et al., 2024) . For cells and tissues, the Raman spectrum contains information about the different kinds of molecules they contain, including metabolites, sugars, RNA molecules, proteins and the extracellular matrix (Figure 1) . This means that Raman spectroscopy can be used to detect various chemical components in cells, and to distinguish between cells growing indifferent physiological conditions (Devitt et al., 2018) . Furthermore, modern technological advances make it possible to measure the Raman spectrum at multiple positions in a sample: this approach, which is called Raman mapping, provides information on the spatial distribution of different molecules within the sample (Butler et al., 2016) .  \nIn biological samples, the proteome – the set of all the proteins that can be expressed by a genome – accounts for about 50% of dry weight and is therefore a major contributor to the Raman spectrum (Bray, 2001; Neidhardt et al., 1990) . It is known that cells adjust the relative abundances of the various proteins in their proteome to cope with different environments: in E. coli, for example, the fraction of ribosomal proteins increases when conditions enable fast growth (Erickson et al., 2017) . Similar results have been seen with budding yeast (Metzl-Raz et al., 2017) .  \nIn 2016, Matthias Heinemann and co-workers used mass spectrometry to measure the abundance of more than 2300 proteins in E. coli under 22 different sets of growth conditions (Schmidt et al., 2016) . Now, in eLife, Ken-ichiro Kamei, Yuichi Wakamoto and colleagues at the University of Tokyo and other institutions in Japan and  \nLin and Cheng. eLife 2026;14:e110102. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.110102](https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.110102) 1 of 3  \n Insight Raman Spectroscopy | Probing the proteome  \nFigure 1. Raman spectra and prote","cbCaibjHlIwinBzm","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibjHlIwinBzm","pdf",463269,"English","# Raman scattering and spectra\n## Non-contact, non-invasive applications\n## Proteome contributions to Raman signals\n# Proteome analysis in E. coli\n## Growth-condition-dependent protein abundance\n## Statistical modeling with LDA","[{\"question\":\"How does Raman spectroscopy work for probing proteins and other biomolecules?\",\"answer\":\"Raman spectroscopy measures scattered light as a function of wavelength. Energy changes from Raman scattering reflect transitions related to molecular vibrational states, allowing inference of chemical and biomolecular composition and the surrounding environment.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is the proteome important in biological Raman spectra?\",\"answer\":\"Proteins account for a large fraction of dry weight in cells and therefore make a major contribution to the Raman spectrum. Shifts in protein abundance across environments also change the observed spectral peaks and troughs.\"},{\"question\":\"What statistical approach is used to relate Raman data to growth conditions and proteome composition?\",\"answer\":\"Researchers apply linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to maximize differences between Raman data across growth conditions. The resulting LDA axes capture directions in multidimensional spectral space that correlate with growth rate and help distinguish between physiological states.\"}]","Raman Spectroscopy - Probing the proteome | PDF",1790742765]