[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-656645-105":59,"doc-detail-656645-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","rafter-definitions-using-the-rafter-square","Rafter Definitions - Using the Rafter Square","","Guided roof framing reference covering common, hip, valley, jack, cripple jack, and dormer rafters, including what each member is and where it runs relative to roof ridge and wall plates. Explains how to use a Rafter Square through two core measurements: rafter run and rafter rise, plus conversion from rise to inches-per-foot run. Provides step-by-step layout procedures for common rafters, including top plumb cut and seat notch, and references tables and diagrams to determine required lengths and cuts for roof construction.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":30,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/rafter-definitions-using-the-rafter-square/656645/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/rafter-definitions-using-the-rafter-square/656645.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Noah","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-25",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are the main rafter terms and how do common rafters differ from hip or valley rafters?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Common rafters run perpendicular from the wall plate to the ridge, forming the hypotenuse of a right triangle. Hip rafters run diagonally from wall plate to ridge, while valley rafters run from the wall plate to the ridge at the intersection of the gable extension with the main roof.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do you determine the correct scale setting on the Rafter Square?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Measure or calculate rafter run (horizontal span) and rafter rise (vertical distance between highest and lowest rafter points). Convert the rise to “inch rise” (inches of rise per foot of run) using the provided formula and use that to read the matching scale number on the tool.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What is the step-by-step process for laying out a common rafter?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"First, obtain the rafter run and roof rise, then calculate inch rise. Use the back-of-book tables to find common rafter length, add tail/eave overhang and bottom plumb cut allowance for lumber length, and finally mark cuts starting with the top plumb cut and then the seat notch.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},656645,1793038223,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":29,"category_name":30,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},8796095462418,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80000253c1241d02b47?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778826106357471780","TABLE OF CONTENTS  \nIntroduction………………………………………………………………………………………………1  \nCommon Rafters with RafterSquare……………………………………5  \nCommon Rafters with Framing Square………………………………10  \nHip and Valley Rafters with RafterSquare…………………………11  \nJack Rafters………………………………………………………………………………………………16  \nHip and Valley Rafters with Framing Square…………………19  \nDormer Rafters………………………………………………………………………………21  \nBrace Measure……………………………………………………………………………………22  \nRafterLength Charts………………………………………………………………………24  \nRafterSquare and Framing Square Diagrams…………………48  \nThe Rafter Square and Framing Square save time on  \nroof construction. All necessary cuts for a particular rafter  \ncan be laidout with these two squares.A basic knowledgeof rafters helps determine what scale and what number on  \nthe tool to use. The following information willhelp when  \nusing these tools.  \n# RAFTER DEFINITIONS\n\nCommon Rafter: A rafter that runs perpendicular (90°  \nwhen looking straight down on the roof) from the top of  \nthe wall plate to the roof ridge forming the hypotenuse  \nor diagonal of a right triangle.  \n(See figures 1,3 and 14)  \nValley Rafter: A rafter that runs from the top of the wall  \nplate to the roof ridge a the intersection of the gable  \nextension with the main roof.  \n(See figures 1,10,11, and 14)  \nValley Jack Rafter:A rafter that runs from the ridge to the  \nvalley, perpendicular to the ridge.  \n(See figures 1,14 and 16)  \nHip Rafter: A rafter that runs from the top of the wall plate  \nto the roof ridge diagonally  \n(See figures 1,9,10 and 12)  \nHipJack Rafter:A rafter that runs 90° from the top of the  \nwall plate to the hip rafter.  \n(See figures 1,14 and 15)  \nCripple Jack Rafter: A rafter that runs from the hip to the  \nvalley perpendicular to the ridge.  \n(See figures 1 and 14)  \nDormer Rafter:A rafter that sets on top of the main roof  \nwithout cutting into the main roof.(For example, when  \nremodeling or adding on.)(See figure 1)  \nFigure 1 on the next page shows each type of rafter.  \n# USING THE RAFTER SQUARE\n\nThe use of the Rafter Square is based on two simplebuilding measurements;(1)the rafter run,and(2)therafter rise.These can be obtained from either buildingblueprints,drawings,or actual measurements.The tablesused are also based on these two simple measurements.(See figure 2)  \nFig.2 Rafter Rise and Run  \nRafter Run:Run is the horizontal distance,measured infeet,that the rafter will span.  \nRafter Rise:Rise is the vertical distance,measured infeet,between the highest and lowest point of the rafter.  \nInch Rise:The rise measured in inches per foot run  \nThe Inch Rise gives you the corresponding number onthe scale to be used,and can be obtained with thefollowing formula:  \nInch Rise,run and the tables in the back of this book areall that are needed to layout rafter lengths and cuts forcommon,hip,valley and jack rafters.  \nFigure 3 shows the different cuts necessary on the com-mon rafter,and the following step by step instructionsshow the procedure used to layout the rafter.  \nFig.3 The Common Rafter  \nStep 1.Obtain Rafter Run:Measure or calculate thehorizontal distance the rater will span,starting at theoutside of the wall on which it rests,including any board-ing on the wallif it extends to the wall top plate.(Seefigure 3)  \nStep 2.Obtain Roof Rise:Measure,calculate,or obtainfrom the blueprints,the distance in feet the ridge willbe from the top of the wall.  \nTable A  \nChange Inches to Feet  \n1\"=.08'   7\"=.58'8”=.67'2\"=.16'9\"=.75'3”=.25'10”=.83'4\"=.33′5”=.42'11\"=.92'6”=.50'  \nStep 3.Calculate Inch Rise:Example;Run =11 ft.,Rise =5 ft.,8 in.First,using Table A,convert rise to feetin decimal form.Therefore,rise now equals 5.67 ft.Usingthe formula for Inch Rise,we see that:  \nRound off Inch Rise to the nearest inch.Rounding offthe Inch Rise willmake the actual roof rise slightly higheror lower,and will not matter in most cases.Rounding offthis figure has a more dramatic effect on buildings withlonger rafter runs or higher roof rises.If the Inch Rise is","cbCaigMNeimXeCFv","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigMNeimXeCFv","pdf",5161046,48,"English","# Introduction\n# Rafter Definitions\n# Using the Rafter Square\n## Rafter Run and Rafter Rise\n## Common Rafter Layout\n### Step 1: Top Plumb Cut\n### Step 2: Seat Notch","[{\"question\":\"What are the main rafter terms and how do common rafters differ from hip or valley rafters?\",\"answer\":\"Common rafters run perpendicular from the wall plate to the ridge, forming the hypotenuse of a right triangle. Hip rafters run diagonally from wall plate to ridge, while valley rafters run from the wall plate to the ridge at the intersection of the gable extension with the main roof.\"},{\"question\":\"How do you determine the correct scale setting on the Rafter Square?\",\"answer\":\"Measure or calculate rafter run (horizontal span) and rafter rise (vertical distance between highest and lowest rafter points). Convert the rise to “inch rise” (inches of rise per foot of run) using the provided formula and use that to read the matching scale number on the tool.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the step-by-step process for laying out a common rafter?\",\"answer\":\"First, obtain the rafter run and roof rise, then calculate inch rise. Use the back-of-book tables to find common rafter length, add tail/eave overhang and bottom plumb cut allowance for lumber length, and finally mark cuts starting with the top plumb cut and then the seat notch.\"}]","Rafter Definitions - Using the Rafter Square | PDF",1792969744,121]