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Over four weeks, learners follow a structured flashcard routine featuring French words, English translations, and visual aids. Results show statistically significant vocabulary gains and a positive relationship between learners’ attitudes toward flashcard use and vocabulary improvement.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/quantitative-action-research-on-enhancing-french-vocabulary-acquisition-flashcard-based-learning-efficacy-among-undergraduates/426538/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/quantitative-action-research-on-enhancing-french-vocabulary-acquisition-flashcard-based-learning-efficacy-among-undergraduates/426538.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Aldword","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What does the study investigate about French vocabulary learning?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The study investigates whether a flashcard-based intervention effectively improves French vocabulary acquisition among Sri Lankan undergraduate learners.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How was the research designed and what data were used?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"A quantitative action research design used a pre-test and posttest approach with a control group. 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A sample of 60 beginner and intermediate French students was selected through convenience sampling. The study employed pre-test and posttest design, including a control group, with data analyzed using paired-samples ttests and ANOVA. Over four weeks, participants engaged in a structured flashcard program incorporating French words, English translations, and visual aids. The results demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in vocabulary knowledge, affirming the efficacy of flashcards as a language-learning tool. The action research approach allowed for iterative refinement of the intervention, ensuring its relevance and applicability in real-world educational settings.  \nAdditionally, a positive correlation was identified between students' attitudes towards flashcard use and vocabulary gains. These findings contribute to the ongoing development of practical strategies for vocabulary instruction, with implications for language educators seeking to enhance student outcomes through evidence-based practices.  \nIntroduction  \nIn today's increasingly interconnected world, learning a foreign language has become more crucial than ever (Albaladejo et al., 2018; Lestari & Wahyudin, 2020; Montaño-González, 2017). Among the many languages spoken globally, French is one of the most captivating and widely taught,  \nknown for its cultural, diplomatic, and economic significance (Martin, 2024; Van Parys et al., 2024 ; Peker et al., 2018) . For learners aspiring to master French, vocabulary acquisition is a foundational element of language proficiency, facilitating effective communication and comprehension (Van Parys et al., 2024) . Thus, a rich vocabulary enables learners to express themselves more precisely, enhancing their understanding and fluency. Research has demonstrated that effective vocabulary instruction significantly improves language learners' proficiency. For instance, structured vocabulary learning strategies have been shown to enhance both vocabulary breadth and depth, which are crucial for mastering second languages (Schmitt, 2014; Fernández & Schmitt, 2015) . Additionally, explicit vocabulary-building exercises, such as contextual reading and semantic mapping, have proven effective in increasing students' engagement and retention of new words (Toscano-Miranda et al., 2024) . These findings highlight the potential of targeted vocabulary instruction in fostering linguistic competence and improving overall languageacquisition outcomes.  \nThe process of improving vocabulary in language learning has been the subject of extensive research, with various methods explored to optimize lexical knowledge (Hanson & Brown, 2019) . These methods include contextual learning, explicit instruction, semantic mapping, use of technology, like flashcards and apps, social learning, through discussions and games, and memory strategies, such as repetition and mnemonics. Combining these approaches helps learners to improve vocabulary retention and language proficiency effectively. Among these, the use of flashcards has garnered significant attention, due to their simplicity, accessibility, and effectiveness in promoting active learning (Al-Jarf, 2021; Alnajjar & Brick, 2018; Altiner, 2019; Chen & Chan, 2019; Dijaya et al., 2018; Firdausah & Sari, 2022; Hamer & Rohimajaya, 2018) . Flashcards, which present target language words or phrases, alongside translations or contextual information, allow learners to engage in active recall, reinforcing memory ","cbCaiv8q3eC4qGQj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiv8q3eC4qGQj","pdf",367311,17,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Background and significance of French vocabulary learning\n## Prior research on vocabulary instruction and learning strategies\n## Theoretical basis and empirical evidence for flashcards\n## Research gap and rationale for the current study","[{\"question\":\"What does the study investigate about French vocabulary learning?\",\"answer\":\"The study investigates whether a flashcard-based intervention effectively improves French vocabulary acquisition among Sri Lankan undergraduate learners.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research designed and what data were used?\",\"answer\":\"A quantitative action research design used a pre-test and posttest approach with a control group. Data were analyzed using paired-samples t-tests and ANOVA.\"},{\"question\":\"What learning activities did participants complete during the intervention?\",\"answer\":\"Over four weeks, participants used structured flashcards containing French words, English translations, and visual aids as part of active recall practice.\"}]","Quantitative Action Research on Enhancing French Vocabulary Acquisition - Flashcard-Based Learning Efficacy Among Undergraduates | PDF",1790640853,43]