[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-590525-105":59,"doc-detail-590525-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","putting-the-focus-on-student-engagement-benefits-of-performance-based-assessment","Putting the Focus on Student Engagement - Benefits of Performance-Based Assessment","","The text examines mounting resistance to high-stakes, standardized testing in public education and describes how policymakers are responding. It reviews critiques of value-added measures (VAM) used in teacher evaluation and highlights actions by leaders such as Jerry Brown and Andrew Cuomo to reduce reliance on such tests. It also notes federal developments, including the Every Student Succeeds Act, and describes the promise of performance-based assessment through the New York Performance Standards Consortium.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/putting-the-focus-on-student-engagement-benefits-of-performance-based-assessment/590525/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/putting-the-focus-on-student-engagement-benefits-of-performance-based-assessment/590525.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Stanley","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is resistance to high-stakes standardized testing growing in public schools?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Large numbers of teachers and families are opting out of standardized tests, reflecting strong resistance to reforms that have not improved education and have undermined it through collateral damage.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What concerns are raised about value-added measures (VAM) in teacher evaluation?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The American Statistical Association and the American Educational Research Association caution that VAM does not directly measure teacher contributions to broader student outcomes, and they warn against its use in evaluation.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What does the Every Student Succeeds Act change regarding testing and teacher evaluation?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The law prohibits the federal government from mandating teacher evaluation terms and stops federal funds from being conditioned on using student test scores for evaluation, while allowing performance-based assessment systems in place of traditional standardized tests.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},590525,1792209467,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},2336477405376,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Putting the Focus on Student Engagement  \ne Bene􀀝ts of Performance-Based Assessment  \nLeft, students at New York City’s Urban Academy Laboratory High School observe art during a gallery visit.  \nILLUSTRATIONS BY WILLIAM DUKE, PHOTOGRAPHS BY ROY REID  \nBy Avram BarloweandAnn Cook  \nThe large numbers of teachers and families of children in  \npublic schools participating in a movement to opt out of  \nhigh-stakes, standardized testing indicate strong resis  \ntance to a school “reform” that has done little to improve public education and much to undermine it.  \nBipartisan legislation allowing parents to “opt out” is currently being debated in many state legislatures. Feeling the pressure of parents, educators, and community members, politicians and  \nAvram Barlowe has taught history and social studies in New York City public high schools for 35 years. A founding member of Urban Academy Laboratory High School, he is the school’s liaison to the New York Performance Standards Consortium. Ann Cook was the cofounder and codirector of Urban Academy Laboratory High School. She is the executive director of the Consortium.  \npolicymakers have slowly begun to respond to the collateral damage generated by high-stakes testing, which has resulted in public school closures, as well as demoralized students and teachers. Suddenly, testing has become a major issue in local elections.  \nLast year, the American Statistical Association released a statement criticizing the use of value-added measures (VAM) in teacher evaluation. VAM purports to show the contribution of individual teachers by comparing their students’ current test scores with the scores of those same students in previous school years, as well as with the scores of other students in the same grade, so that administrators can isolate the contribution, or“value added,” that each teacher provides in a given year. The American Statistical Association argued that value-added measures based on standardized tests “do not directly measure potential teacher contributions toward other student outcomes.”1  \ne American Educational Research Association has also cautioned against the use of VAMin teacher evaluation.2 Even the Bill  \n4 AMERICAN EDUCATOR | SPRING 2016  \n& Melinda Gates Foundation, a major proponent of VAM, has backed o􀀞 its initial support.3  \nIn California, Governor Jerry Brown recently signed legislation suspending standardized exit exams the state required highschool seniors to pass in order to graduate. So distrustful was Brown of the tests’ value that he made the law retroactive to 2004, thus allowing students who had metallother graduation requirements to receive their diplomas.4  \nIn New York, Governor Andrew Cuomo has also dialed back the emphasis on high-stakes testing. Cuomo and the legislature had approved a teacher evaluation system in which up to 50 percent ofa teacher’s evaluation was based on student standardized test scores. But in December 2015, a task force created by the governor to review the Common Core State Standards and their alignment to standardized tests recommended that such tests no longer be used to evaluate teacher and student performance. e governor has embraced the recommendations of the task force,  \nThe new federal law permits several states to develop assessment systems that allow for performance-based assessmentsin lieu of standardized tests.  \nwhose members include Randi Weingarten, the president of the American Federation of Teachers.5  \nPerhaps most signi􀀝cant ofall, last spring halfa million parents across the country opted their children out of their annual standardized state tests.6  \ne pushback has not been con􀀝ned to the states. In fall 2015, it reached the federal level when then–Secretary of Education Arne Duncan called for a cap on standardized tests and recommended that no student spend more than 2 percent ofinstructional time taking them.“At the federal, state, and local level, we have supported policies that have contributed to the prob","cbCaidGkpNl6nZIy","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidGkpNl6nZIy","pdf",298141,"English","# Putting the Focus on Student Engagement\n## Benefits of Performance-Based Assessment\n## How We Can Do Better","[{\"question\":\"Why is resistance to high-stakes standardized testing growing in public schools?\",\"answer\":\"Large numbers of teachers and families are opting out of standardized tests, reflecting strong resistance to reforms that have not improved education and have undermined it through collateral damage.\"},{\"question\":\"What concerns are raised about value-added measures (VAM) in teacher evaluation?\",\"answer\":\"The American Statistical Association and the American Educational Research Association caution that VAM does not directly measure teacher contributions to broader student outcomes, and they warn against its use in evaluation.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the Every Student Succeeds Act change regarding testing and teacher evaluation?\",\"answer\":\"The law prohibits the federal government from mandating teacher evaluation terms and stops federal funds from being conditioned on using student test scores for evaluation, while allowing performance-based assessment systems in place of traditional standardized tests.\"}]","Putting the Focus on Student Engagement - Benefits of Performance-Based Assessment | PDF",1792069829,23]