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contribute to higher  \nstudent textbook costs.  \nPUBLIC POLICYMAKINGJAMES E.ANDERSON SEVENTH EDITION  \n佛又  \n区以区  \nPublic  \nPolicymakingAn Introduction  \nSEVENTH EDITION  \nJAMES E.ANDERSON  \nTexas A&M University  \n◎2011,2006,2003 Wadsworth,Cengage Learning  \nPublic Policymaking:An Introduction,  \nSeventh Edition  \nALL RIGHTS RESERVED.No part of this work covered by the  \nJames E.Anderson  \ncopyright herein may be reproduced,transmitted,stored,or  \nSenior Publisher:Suzanne Jeans  \nused in any form or by any means graphic,electronic,or  \nmechanical,including but not limited to photocopying,  \nExecutive Editor:Carolyn Merrill  \nrecording,scanning,digitizing,taping,Web distribution,  \nAcquisitions Editor:Edwin Hill  \ninformation networks,or information storage and retrieval  \nDevelopment Editor:Thomas Finn  \nsystems,except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the  \nAssistant Editor:Kate MacLean  \n1976 United States Copyright Act,without the prior written  \nEditorial Assistant:Matthew DiGangi  \npermission of the publisher.  \nMedia Editor:Caitlin Holroyd  \nFor product information and  \nSenior Marketing Manager:Amy Whitaker  \ntechnology assistance,contact us at Cengage Learning  \nMarketing Coordinator:Josh Hendrick  \nCustomer &Sales Support,1-800-354-9706  \nMarketing Communications Manager:  \nFor permission to use material from this text or product,  \nHeather Baxley  \nsubmit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions.  \nAssociate Content Project Manager:Sara  \nFurther permissions questions can be emailed to  \nAbbott  \npermissionrequest@cengage.com.  \nArt Director:Linda Helcher  \nLibrary of Congress Catalog Card Number:2009932921  \nPrint Buyer:Paula Vang  \nISBN-13:978-0-618-97472-6  \nSenior Rights Acquisition Account Manager,  \nISBN-10:0-618-97472-5  \nText:Katie Huha  \nProduction Service:EIm Street Publishing  \nWadsworth  \nServices  \n20 Channel Center Street  \nCover Designer:Paul Neff  \nBoston,MA 02210  \nCover Image:◎Photomorphic  \nUSA  \nCompositor:Integra Software  \nServices Pvt.Ltd.  \nCengage Learning is a leading provider of customized  \nlearning solutions with office locations around the globe,  \nincluding Singapore,the United Kingdom,Australia,  \nMexico,Brazil and Japan.Locate your local office at  \ninternational.cengage.com/region  \nCengage Learning products are represented in Canada by  \nNelson Education,Ltd.  \nFor your course and learning solutions,visit  \nwww.cengage.com.  \nPurchase any of our products at your local college store  \nor at our preferred online store www.ichapters.com.  \nContents  \nCHAPTER 1The Study of Public Policy  \n1  \nThe Plan of This Book 2  \nWhat Is Public Policy?6  \nCategories of Public Policies 9  \nApproaches to Policy Study 18  \nMethodological Difficulties in Studying Public Policy 29  \nFor Further Exploration 31Test Your Knowledge 32Suggested Readings 32Notes 33  \nCHAPTER 2The Policy-Makers and TheirEnvironment  \nThe Policy Environment 40The Official Policy-Makers 48—Nongovernmental Participants 59Levels of Politics 69CASE STUDY The Endangered Snail Darter 75  \nFor Further Exploration 77Test Your Knowledge 77Suggested Readings 77Notes 78  \nCHAPTER 3Policy Formation:Problems,Agendas,and Formulation  \nPolicy Problems 85The Policy Agenda 90  \nThe Agenda-Setting Process 93Nondecisions 100  \nThe Loss of Agenda Status 101Two Cases in Agenda Setting 102  \nCASE STUDY Coal-Mine Safety 102  \nCASE STUDY Environmental Pollution Control 105  \nThe Formulation of Policy Proposals 107  \nPolicy Formulation as a Technical Process 112  \nCASE STUDY Formulating Policy:The Family and Medical Leave Act 114  \nA Concluding Comment 119  \nFor Further Exploration 119  \nTest Your Knowledge 120  \nSuggested Readings 120  \nNotes 121  \n# CHAPTER 4 Policy Adoption\n\n125  \nTheories of Decision-Making 126Decision Criteria 131The Public Interest 142Styles of Decision-Making 144Presidential Decision-Making 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