[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-324684-105":59,"doc-detail-324684-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","public-infrastructure-and-economic-development-economic-commentary","Public Infrastructure and Economic Development - Economic Commentary","","Economic commentary by Douglas Dalenberg and Randall W. Eberts examines how deterioration of public capital stock shapes urban economic development, especially in older industrial cities. It describes a self-reinforcing cycle: welfare pressures and a weakening tax base constrain maintenance and improvement of infrastructure, while neglect can reduce prospects for future growth. The paper uses the Cleveland Eagle Avenue ramp as a case and compares investment requirements across cities including Chicago, Atlanta, Dallas, Denver, and national averages.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/public-infrastructure-and-economic-development-economic-commentary/324684/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/public-infrastructure-and-economic-development-economic-commentary/324684.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ezra","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the commentary focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It focuses on how deteriorating public infrastructure affects urban economic development, especially in mature cities with aging industrial bases.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why do some older cities struggle to maintain public infrastructure?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Many cannot afford maintenance or improvements because welfare demands grow while the tax base declines as local economies weaken.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the document illustrate the infrastructure deterioration issue?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It uses the Eagle Avenue ramp in downtown Cleveland as an example and compares similar cases across other cities with comparable infrastructure conditions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},324684,1790554476,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1099514068035,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","# Public Infrastructure andEconomic Development\n\nby Douglas Dalenberg and Randall W.Eberts  \nIhe condition of the nation's pub-lic capital stock has received muchpublicity over the past several years.Titles such as America in Ruins andFragile Foundations have raised ourawareness of the declining state ofour nation's public works.!  \nRather than simply add to this aware-ness by documenting the deteriora-tion of infrastructure in the Midwest,this Economic Commentary discussesthe seemingly vicious circle in whichmany older cities find themselveswith regard to public infrastructureand economic development.Citiesthat have an aging industrial baseoften find that they cannot afford tomaintain or improve their infra-structure because of the heavydemand for welfare programs and thedecline in the tax base caused by asagging local economy.  \nAnalysis shows that public investmentis necessary for future local economicdevelopment.In many cases,how-ever,cities find themselves in a no-win situation when trying to juggletheir budgets.If city governmentsattend to the immediate welfareneeds of the community at the sacri-fice of public investment,then theseneeds will continue to grow as eco-nomic development is stifled.If theyattend to public infrastructure needswhich can promise more long termthan short-term benefits,then sub-stantial groups within the communitymay suffer.  \nOne obvious way to break the cycle isfor the local economy to begin togrowPublic infrastructure investmentprovides the essential foundation tosupport economic development.  \n## ■ The Extent of the Problem\n\nThe Eagle Avenue ramp on the west-ern edge of downtown Cleveland istypical of the problem of public infra-structure deterioratio and its effecton urban development.This 58-year-old structure has received considera-ble attention in the last year.The onlyconvenient major transportation linkbetween two key areas of the city,theramp was unsafe for several years andwithout considerable repair wouldhave had to be closedClosing theramp would limit access to the sur-rounding industrial region,threaten-ing to raise the cost of doing businessin this area and to cause the possibleflight of businesses.  \nWe focus on the Eagle Avenue rampnot because it is unique,but becauseit is only one example of the thou-sands of roads,bridges,and otherpublic structures that share a similarconditionComparable stories couldbe told about bridges and ramps inPittsburgh,Chicago,or Detroit thatneed repair and that in variousdegrees impede economic activity.  \nJanuary 15,1988  \nPublic infrastructure deteriorationhas an important effect on urbaneconomic development.Many citieswith an aging industrial base arecaught between the need to main-tain or improve public capital stockand the immediate demand forcommunity welfare programs.Ne-glecting public infrastructure maymake it more difficult for these citiesto achieve future economic growth.  \nThis highlights a problem thatplagues mature cities.As time passes,the location of economic activitieswithin a city or urban area changes.However,local governments areobliged in many cases to maintain alarge portion of the existing infra-structure,even when it is used belowcapacity.Maintaining the existing cap-ital stock can be a substantial burden.  \nIn the Cleveland area,for example,every dollar that metropolitangovernments spend on public infra-structure(such as highways,watertreatment and distribution,sewers,orairports)is used just to maintain the  \n## FIGURE 1 PERCENT OF CURRENT INVESTMENT DOLLARREQUIRED TO MAINTAIN PUBLIC CAPITALSTOCK\n\ncurrent stock of public capital at itspresent level,according to our esti-matesThis amounts to more than$50 per person per year  \nAs can be seen in figure 1,the situa-tion is similar in Chicago:90 cents ofevery public investment dollar goestoward keeping public capital stock atits present level.Places that have hada robust economy during the pastdecade,such as Atlanta,Dallas,andDenver,spend only 20 cents of everydollar to maintain th","cbCainvrnn4fRnJy","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainvrnn4fRnJy","pdf",1105490,"English","# Public Infrastructure and Economic Development\n## The Extent of the Problem","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the commentary focus on?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on how deteriorating public infrastructure affects urban economic development, especially in mature cities with aging industrial bases.\"},{\"question\":\"Why do some older cities struggle to maintain public infrastructure?\",\"answer\":\"Many cannot afford maintenance or improvements because welfare demands grow while the tax base declines as local economies weaken.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the document illustrate the infrastructure deterioration issue?\",\"answer\":\"It uses the Eagle Avenue ramp in downtown Cleveland as an example and compares similar cases across other cities with comparable infrastructure conditions.\"}]","Public Infrastructure and Economic Development - Economic Commentary | PDF",1789968602,13]