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Online surveys in 2022 measured meal-kit use in the past week. Binary logistic regression evaluated sociodemographic and nutrition-related correlates, including cooking skills, ready-to-eat consumption, diet modification, weight change, and sustainability efforts. Results: 14% reported meal-kit use, highest in the USA (18%) and lowest in Canada (9%). Use was more common among younger, male, minority-ethnicity, higher-education and higher-income-adequacy participants, and those with children at home.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/public-health-nutrition-exploring-sociodemographic-and-nutrition-related-correlates-of-meal-kit-use/401082/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/public-health-nutrition-exploring-sociodemographic-and-nutrition-related-correlates-of-meal-kit-use/401082.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"jayni","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-27",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the study’s main objective?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To assess the frequency and correlates of meal-kit use across five countries using population-level data.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was meal-kit use measured and analyzed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Online surveys in 2022 asked about meal-kit use in the past week, and binary logistic regression tested sociodemographic and nutrition-related correlates.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors were associated with higher meal-kit use?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Higher use was linked to being younger, male, of minority ethnicity, having higher education and income adequacy, having children in the household, participating in food shopping, sometimes preparing food, better self-reported cooking skills, more recent restaurant visits, and diet modification, weight change, or sustainability efforts.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},401082,1791080636,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":41,"preview_page_count":4},3985747859343,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Public Health Nutrition  \nExploring sociodemographic and  \nnutrition-related correlates of meal-kit use  \n[cambridge.org/phn](cambridge.org/phn)  \nResearch Paper  \nCite this article: Boyar L, White CM, Vanderlee L, Adams J, White M, Sacks G, Coyle D, Cooke N, and Hammond D (2026) . Exploring sociodemographic and  \nnutrition-related correlates of meal-kit use across five countries: findings from the International Food Policy Study. Public Health Nutrition 29: e5, 1–12 . doi: 10. 1017/ S1368980025101584  \nReceived: 25 April 2025  \nRevised: 27 October 2025  \nAccepted: 15 December 2025  \nKeywords:  \nMeal-kit; Meal preparation; Dietary patterns; Sustainability  \nCorresponding author:  \nDavid Hammond;  \nEmail: [david.hammond@uwaterloo.ca](david.hammond@uwaterloo.ca)  \n© The Author(s), 2025 . Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.  \nacross five countries: findings from the International Food Policy Study  \nLiza Boyar1 , Christine M. White1, Lana Vanderlee2 , Jean Adams3, Martin White3, Gary Sacks4 , Daisy Coyle5 , Noah Cooke3 and David Hammond1  \n1School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; 2École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada; 3MRC Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; 4School of Health & Social Development, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia and 5The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia  \nAbstract  \nObjective: To assess the frequency and correlates of meal-kit use across five countries using population-level data. Design: Online surveys conducted in 2022 assessed meal-kit use in the past week. Binary logistic regression models examined sociodemographic and nutrition-related correlates of meal-kit use, including self-reported home meal preparation and cooking skills, commercially prepared meal consumption and healthy eating, weight change and sustainability efforts. Setting: Canada, Australia, the UK, the USA and Mexico. Participants: 20,401 adults aged 18–100 years. Results: Overall, 14 % of participants reported using meal-kits in the past week. Use was highest in the USA (18 %) and lowest in Canada (9 %) . Meal-kit use was greater among individuals who were younger, male, of minority ethnicity, had high educational attainment, had higher income adequacy or had children living in the household (P \u003C 0·01 for all) . Use was greater for those who participated in any food shopping (v. none), those who prepared food sometimes (3–4 d/week or less v. never) and those who reported ‘fair’ or better cooking skills (v. poor; P \u003C 0·05 for all) . Consuming any ‘ready-to-eat’ food (v. none) and visiting restaurants more recently (v. > 6 months ago; P \u003C 0·001 for all) were associated with greater meal-kit use. Eating fruits/vegetables more than 2 times/d and engaging in diet modification efforts were also associated with increased meal-kit use, as was engaging in weight change or sustainability efforts (P \u003C 0·001 for all) . Conclusions: Meal-kits tend to be used by individuals who make efforts to support their health and sustainability, potentially valuing‘convenient’ alternatives to traditional home meal preparation; however, use is concentrated amongst those with higher income adequacy.  \nDietary risk factors are among the leading causes of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes(1) . Dietary patterns that are low in fruits, vegetables and whole grains and high in salt, unhealthy fats and refined carbohydrates are major contributors to morbidity and mortality(1) . Greater home meal preparation frequency is associated with better diet qu","cbCaihMFIPoz0jQB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihMFIPoz0jQB","pdf",540605,12,"English","# Abstract\n## Objective\n## Design\n## Setting and Participants\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Background\n## Dietary risk factors\n## Home meal preparation trends\n# Meal-kit overview\n## Definition and delivery models\n## Recipe instructions and frequency","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main objective?\",\"answer\":\"To assess the frequency and correlates of meal-kit use across five countries using population-level data.\"},{\"question\":\"How was meal-kit use measured and analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"Online surveys in 2022 asked about meal-kit use in the past week, and binary logistic regression tested sociodemographic and nutrition-related correlates.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors were associated with higher meal-kit use?\",\"answer\":\"Higher use was linked to being younger, male, of minority ethnicity, having higher education and income adequacy, having children in the household, participating in food shopping, sometimes preparing food, better self-reported cooking skills, more recent restaurant visits, and diet modification, weight change, or sustainability efforts.\"}]","Public Health Nutrition - Exploring sociodemographic and nutrition-related correlates of meal-kit use | PDF",1790516487]