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Data were collected with the Academic Leadership Effectiveness Assessment Questionnaire (ALEAQ) and analyzed using descriptive statistics, population t-tests of single mean, and independent t-tests. Findings show greatest effectiveness in professional development, lowest in strengthening leadership skills, with overall departmental-level effectiveness significantly low and no significant influence from university type. Recommendations advocate periodic orientation during appointment and retreats to build required leadership skills.",{"@graph":14,"@context":77},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/providing-academic-leadership-in-universities-in-cross-river-state-nigeria-assessment-of-departmental-heads-effectiveness/592502/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/providing-academic-leadership-in-universities-in-cross-river-state-nigeria-assessment-of-departmental-heads-effectiveness/592502.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"McGucket","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69,73],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What was the main purpose of the study?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To assess Heads of Departments’ effectiveness in providing academic leadership at the departmental level in universities in Cross River State, Nigeria.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How were data and effectiveness measured?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Data were collected using the Academic Leadership Effectiveness Assessment Questionnaire (ALEAQ) and analyzed with descriptive statistics, population t-test (single mean), and independent t-test.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What were the key findings about HOD effectiveness?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"HODs were most effective in professional development but least effective in strengthening leadership skills; 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Akuegwu 1 􀀣  Felix D. Nwi-ue2  |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 Department of Educational Administration and Planning, University of Calabar, Calabar Nigeria 2 Department of General Studies Rivers’ State Polytechnic, Bori. |  |\n|  | ( 􀀣 Corresponding Author) |\n\nAbstract  \nThis study assessed Heads of Departments’ effectiveness in providing academic leadership at the  departmental level. I research question and 2 hypotheses were formulated to give direction to this  investigation. Survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised 110  Heads of Departments from 2 universities in Cross River State who were purposively constituted into the  sample. Data were collected using “Academic Leadership Effectiveness Assessment Questionnaire  (ALEAQ)” constructed by the researchers. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using  Descriptive Statistics (X and SD), Population t-test of single mean and Independent t-test statistical techniques. Results obtained indicated that HODs are most effective in providing academic leadership in  the aspect of providing professional development, while they are least effective in strengthening  leadership skills; HODs’ effectiveness in providing academic leadership at the departmental level is  significantly low; type of university does not significantly influence HODs’ effectiveness in providing academic leadership at the departmental level. It was therefore recommended, amongst others that Heads  of Departments should be given orientation at the time appointment and retreat organised for them from  time to time to equip them with the necessary skill to provide academic leadership.  \nKeywords: Heads of departments, Academic leadership, Effectiveness, Administration, Universities.  \nContents  \n1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................................... 19  \n2. Literature Review ................................................................................................................................................................ 20  \n3. Methods................................................................................................................................................................................ 21  \n4. Results .................................................................................................................................................................................. 21  \n5. Discussion of Findings ......................................................................................................................................................... 22  \n6. Conclusion............................................................................................................................................................................ 23  \n7. Recommendations................................................................................................................................................................ 23  \nReferences ................................................................................................................................................................................ 24  \nCitation | Basil A. Akuegwu; Felix D. Nwi-ue (2017) . Providing Academic Leadership in Universities in Cross River State, Nigeria: Assessment of Departmental Heads’ Effectiveness. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 3(1): 18-24.  \nDOI:  \n 10.20448/journal.522/2017.3.1/522.1.18.24  \nISSN(E) : 2519-5387  \nLicensed: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License   \n Contribution/Acknowledgement: All authors contributed to the conception and design of the study.  \nFunding: This study received no specific financial support.  \nCompeting ","cbCaiuNrJMhh7nss","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuNrJMhh7nss","pdf",739633,"English","# Introduction\n# Literature Review\n# Methods\n# Results\n# Discussion of Findings\n# Conclusion\n# Recommendations","[{\"question\":\"What was the main purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To assess Heads of Departments’ effectiveness in providing academic leadership at the departmental level in universities in Cross River State, Nigeria.\"},{\"question\":\"How were data and effectiveness measured?\",\"answer\":\"Data were collected using the Academic Leadership Effectiveness Assessment Questionnaire (ALEAQ) and analyzed with descriptive statistics, population t-test (single mean), and independent t-test.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key findings about HOD effectiveness?\",\"answer\":\"HODs were most effective in professional development but least effective in strengthening leadership skills; overall effectiveness in academic leadership at departmental level was significantly low.\"},{\"question\":\"Did university type affect HODs’ effectiveness?\",\"answer\":\"No. The study found that the type of university did not significantly influence HODs’ effectiveness in providing academic leadership at the departmental level.\"}]","Providing Academic Leadership in Universities in Cross River State, Nigeria - Assessment of Departmental Heads’ Effectiveness | PDF",1792074720,18]