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It then follows expansion of legislation through laws in 1885 and 1897, addressing women, dangerous trades, Sunday rest, and working-day limits, while noting incomplete enforcement and weak 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LIBRARIESPRESERVATION DIVISION\n\nBIBLIOGRAPHIC MICROFORM TARGET  \nORIGINAL MATERIAL AS FILMED-EXISTING BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD  \n308Z  \nBox 624 Kats,Abram Markovich  \n…Protection of labour in the U.S.S.R.Moscow,Commission for foreign relations ofthe Central council of the trade unions ofthe U.S.S.R.,1927.33 p.  17cm.  \nAt hoad of title:A.M.Katz.424669oH四  \n# RESTRICTIONS ON USE:\n\n Reproductions may not be made without permission from Columbia University Libraries                  \n# TECHNICAL MICROFORM DATA\n\nFILM SIZE:_         35mmREDUCTION RATIO:      9:1  \nIMAGE PLACEMENT:IA  \nIB I  \nIIB  \nDATE FILMED:                  8、9INITIALS:                  报  \nTRACKING\\#:                                                                                        MSH 2616  \nFILMED BY PRESERVATION RESOURCES,BETHLEHEM,PA.  \n## A.M.KATZ\n\n# PROTECTION OF LABOURIN THE USSR\n\n308Z3624  \nPUBLISHED BY THE COMMISSION FOR FO-REIGN RELATIONS OF THE CENTRALCOUNCIL0F THE TRADE UNIONS OF THE U.S.S.R.MOSCOW—1927  \n## A.M.KATZ\n\nE R R AT A.  \nPage 9,3rd line,should read:11/g to 2 times  \n.Table Ni 1,should read:1922—7.9  \n。20,Table N 3,last section,should read  \n1926-27  \n1925-26  \nPROTECTION OF LABOURIN THE U.S.S.R.  \n1 and 2 quarters  \n4th quarter  \n46.3  \n50.0  \n50.4  \n63.4  \n83.5  \n78.1  \n56.6  \n51.6  \n17.7  \n20.4  \nPUBLISHED BY THE COMMISSION FORFOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE CEN-TRAL COUNCILOF THE TRADE UNIONSOF THE U.s.S.R.  \nMOSCOW—1927  \n# INTENTIONAL SECOND EXPOSURE\n\n## A.M.KATZ\n\nE R RAT A.  \nPage 9,3rd line,should read:14/a to 2 times。Table J1,should read:1922—7.9  \n20,Table N 3,last section,should read  \n1925-26  \n1926-27  \nPROTECTION OF LABOURIN THE U.S.S.R.  \n4th quarter  \n1 and 2 quarters  \n46.3  \n50.0  \n50.4  \n63.4  \n78.1  \n83.5  \n51.6  \n56.6  \n17.7  \n20.4  \nPUBLISHED BY THE COMMISSION FORFOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE CEN-TRAL COUNCILOF THE TRADE UNIONSOF THE U.S.S.R.  \nMOSCOW—1927  \nMAY 18 1943 PCR.I3  \n# Protection of Labour in the U.S.S.R.\n\nIn order to appreciate properly the stage to_whichthe protection of labour has advanced,in the U.R.S.S.,a slight knowledge of what the position was beforethe Revolution is absolutely necessary.  \nProtectioncof La bour in Pre-WarRussia.  \nThe first steps in the direction of labour protec-tion in Russia were taken at the end of the nineteenthcentury.Prior to that date there was no legislation,whatever,protecting the interests of the Russian wor-kers.As a consequence of the general labour unrestand the disastrous effects of the intense exploitationof child labour,a law was passed protecting childlabour in 1882.By that law children under 12 yearsof age were not allowed to be employed in factories,but exceptions to the rule could be made with thepermission of the Minister of Finance.The workingday for children between the ages of 12 and was fix-ed at 8 hours.Night work for such children wasentirely prohibited.To enforce this law specialfactory inspectors were appointed in several districts.  \nThree years after the passing of this law,namelyin 1885,legislation for the protection of labour wasextended.Thus,by a new law,night work for juve-niles under 17 years,and for women working in the  \ntextile industry(spinning mills)was prohibited.Simultaneously regulations were passed prohibitingchild and juvenile labour in certain dangerous trades.  \nAs the factory owners were not at all anxious tocarry out these laws,and as on the other hand,thefactory inspectors had instructions not to enforcethem too strictly,they were not widely observed.Even these half-measures,however,were too muchfor the factory owners and,as a result of their insig-tence,part of the legislation was very soon repealed.For instance,the working day for juveniles was exten-ded to 9 hours with the condition that a mid-daybreak be allowed.An exception was made to thelaw,allowing child night labour in the very dange-rous glass industry.And,finally,the loca","cbCaipUIdDezktdY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipUIdDezktdY","pdf",1234882,24,"English","# Protection of Labour in the U.S.S.R.\n## Protection of Labour in Pre-War Russia\n## Early Steps and Child Labour Laws\n## 1885 Extensions and Dangerous Trades\n## 1897 Laws and Working-Time Limits\n## Enforcement and Limitations","[{\"question\":\"Why does the document start with pre-revolution conditions in Russia?\",\"answer\":\"It explains that understanding how labour protection progressed in the U.S.S.R. requires knowing what the situation was before the Revolution.\"},{\"question\":\"What changes were introduced with the 1882 child labour law?\",\"answer\":\"The law protected child labour by restricting factory employment for children under 12 and setting an 8-hour working day for children aged 12 to 17, with night work prohibited for them.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the 1897 law affect working time and rest?\",\"answer\":\"The 1897 law limited working days to not more than 11.5 hours and regulated holiday periods, required at least 24 hours of Sunday rest, and prohibited night work—though it was still incomplete due to definitions and loopholes.\"}]","Protection of Labour in the U.S.S.R. - read online free | PDF",1789970090]