[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-160243-en":3,"doc-seo-160243-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},160243,1099523882367,"Jordan Avery","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc",8,"Research & Report","Prostate Cancer Awareness Insights - Men in Tshwane","A descriptive cross-sectional survey (Aug 2022–Jun 2023) examined prostate cancer (PCa) knowledge and perceptions among men aged 18+ living in the Tshwane district in Gauteng, South Africa. Findings showed most participants had heard of PCa, yet only a small proportion believed they were at risk, and nearly all reported never having been tested. Significant links were observed between age and PCa knowledge, and between PCa perception and smoking, age, and education level. Results supported targeted education, improved screening access, and culturally sensitive smoking cessation and healthcare collaboration.","This open-access article is distributed under Creative Commons licence CC-BY-NC 4.0.  \nRESEARCH  \nInsights into prostate cancer awareness and perceptions among men in Tshwane  \nL Nzombe, BSc Hons; J Shirinde, MSc, PhD; S M Patrick, MSc, PhD  \nSchool of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Corresponding author: S M Patrick ([sean.patrick@up.ac.za](sean.patrick@up.ac.za))  \nBackground. Globally, prostate cancer (PCa) accounts for 6.6% of deaths, while in South Africa (SA), PCa accounts for 13% of deaths in males, with over 4 000 SA men diagnosed with PCa annually. This may be attributed to the inadequate availability of screening, early detection and possibly other socioeconomic and lifestyle factors.  \nObjectives. To determine the factors associated with knowledge and perceptions of PCa among men in the Tshwane district.  \nMethods. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted between August 2022 and June 2023 in a study population of men, ≥18 years, residing in Tshwane district located in Gauteng, South Africa.  \nResults. In this study, 91.7% of the subjects responded that they had heard about PCa, while 11% thought they might be at risk for having PCa. While 93.7% of the respondents reported that they had never tested for PCa, 98.3% said that if they were offered the opportunity to test voluntarily, they would agree to test for PCa. There was a significant association between age and knowledge of PCa (p≤0.001) . There was also a significant association between perception of PCa and smoking (p=0.034), age (p=0.035) and level of education (p=0.04) . Conclusion. This study shows significant associations between age and level of education with knowledge, perception and awareness of PCa. Educational campaigns targeting diverse age and education groups are recommended, along with smoking cessation programmes, improved PCa screening access, tailored messaging, healthcare collaborations, and cultural sensitivity to enhance awareness and early detection.  \nS Afr MedJ 2024;114(6b):e1307. [https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2024.v114i6b.1307](https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2024.v114i6b.1307)  \nProstate cancer (PCa) is a life-threatening disease that starts in the prostate when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, go beyond their usual boundaries and invade adjoining parts of the body and/or spread to other organs. In most cases, PCa is adenocarcinoma, mainly from the peripheral region’s luminal or basal cells. [1] In men over 50 years of age, particularly those of African descent, PCa has a high prevalence. [2-4] The predominant clinical features of PCa are urinary flow issues, pain during urination and elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.[3] Furthermore, age, race and family history are risk factors for PCa. [3] Different studies have indicated the importance of early diagnosis through PSA testing. [2-4] Currently treatments available for PCa include surgery, hormone treatment, radiation, and chemotherapy.[2,3] Despite early diagnosis, the treatment’s riskbenefit ratio is debated because of significant morbidity. According to GLOBOCAN, worldwide, PCa is estimated to be the second most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death for men in 2020, with almost 1.4 million new cases and 375 000 deaths. [5] Almost 70% of PCa incidence occurs in more developed countries, e.g. in North America, New Zealand and Australia. [1] In Africa, PCa, when compared with other cancers, has the highest number of cases (17.5/100 000 population), and deaths (12.5/100 000) per year.[6] PCa frequency is comparatively high in South Africa (SA) . Analysed data from Ghana indicate that it is second to liver cancer, with an incidence of about 200/100 000 per year.[7]  \nIn SA, PCa is the leading cancer among men; its incidence has risen from 29/100 000 men in 2007 to 68/100 000 men in 2018.[8-10] Thus, PCa contributes to approximately 13% of male cancer-related deaths in t","cbCaiiwkgeR3lmVH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiwkgeR3lmVH","pdf",170129,1,6,"English","en",105,"# Background\n# Objectives\n# Methods\n# Results\n# Conclusion\n# PCa clinical and epidemiological context\n## Risk factors and treatment overview\n## Regional burden in South Africa and Africa\n# Study aim and significance","[{\"question\":\"What was the purpose of the Tshwane survey on prostate cancer?\",\"answer\":\"To identify factors associated with men’s knowledge and perceptions of prostate cancer in the Tshwane district.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the study find about awareness and perceived risk?\",\"answer\":\"Most respondents had heard about PCa, but only a small proportion thought they might be at risk, and almost none had ever been tested.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors showed significant associations with knowledge or perceptions?\",\"answer\":\"Age was significantly associated with PCa knowledge. PCa perception was significantly associated with smoking, age, and education level.\"}]","Prostate Cancer Awareness Insights - Men in Tshwane | PDF",1788052688,15,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"prostate-cancer-awareness-insights-men-in-tshwane","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/prostate-cancer-awareness-insights-men-in-tshwane/160243/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-30",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What was the purpose of the Tshwane survey on prostate cancer?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"To identify factors associated with men’s knowledge and perceptions of prostate cancer in the Tshwane district.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"What did the study find about awareness and perceived risk?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"Most respondents had heard about PCa, but only a small proportion thought they might be at risk, and almost none had ever been tested.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"Which factors showed significant associations with knowledge or perceptions?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Age was significantly associated with PCa knowledge. 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