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It discusses CBT/CBE features, advantages over PBT/PBE, and the required formalities, logistics, advocacy needs, and challenges. The study recommends widespread tutorials and campaigns to reduce uncertainties during migration and argues for computer literacy, policy commitment, and adoption due to growing candidate populations.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/prospects-of-computer-based-cb-and-paper-based-pb-tests-in-adult-education/396103/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/prospects-of-computer-based-cb-and-paper-based-pb-tests-in-adult-education/396103.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"jayni","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-26",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How does computer-based testing differ from paper-based testing for adult learners?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Computer-based testing requires examinees to answer questions directly on a computer, with understanding of basic computer desktop icons, mouse use, and navigation. Timing and precision arrangements also differ from traditional paper and pen testing.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What advantages are highlighted for CBT/CBE over PBT/PBE?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The paper states that CBT/CBE is simple and interesting to use, and that administration is more subtle. It also emphasizes adopting the format for all forms of tests and exams in adult education.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What support is recommended when moving from paper-based to computer-based tests?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The paper calls for massive tutorials and advocacy campaigns to address keeping test volumes manageable while reducing candidates’ uncertainties during migration. 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Aderogba, Ph.D  \nDepartment of Adult Education  \nCollege of Specialized and Professional Education  \nTai Solarin University of Education  \nIjagun, Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria  \n[Correspondence](Correspondence: kofoaderogba@yahoo.com)[:](Correspondence: kofoaderogba@yahoo.com)[ kofoaderogba@yahoo.com](Correspondence: kofoaderogba@yahoo.com)  \nAbstract  \nComputer-based test is a bit different from the traditional way of testing where individuals will have to answer their questions using paper and pencil or pen. The objectives of this paper are to describe the pattern of computer-based test to enable prospective candidates, particularly Adult Learners (and first timers) get the basic features of the computer-based test/examination scenario; and make it appealing to them. It discussed the features of computer-based test/exam, advantages/benefits of CBT/CBE over PBT/PBE, test/exam formalities and logistics, advocacy and challenges. It is desirable that this format is adopted for all forms of tests and exams in Adult Education and Life-Long Learnings, at least, because of the peculiarity of the discipline in both formal and non-formal school system and the avalanche of volumes being experienced nowadays. It established that there should be massive tutorial and campaign that will address the methods for keeping test volumes up and candidates' uncertainties down when migrating from paper-based to computer-based. The paper opines that ccomputer must become part of adult training and development programmes while every adult should endeavour to be computer literate. The population of the country is growing by the day and relatively, the registered candidates for every examination. Thus, faster and smarter formats are required for the ever-increasing numbers; and there must be political will by all stake holders in testing, examinations and learning and development to adopt the computer-based format.  \nKeywords: Computer-Based Test, Paper-Based Test, Adult Education, policies and programmes   \nIntroduction  \nComputer Based Test (CBT) is a modern testing procedure where each examinee answers questions directly on a computer. It is a bit different from the traditional way of testing where individuals will have to answer their questions using paper and pencil or pen. Computer Based Testing requires the examinee to have a good grab of basic computer knowledge, which involves appreciation of common computer desktop icons, basic mouse use, as well as understanding important navigations (Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, 2017; Joint Admission and Matriculation Board, 2019) . Apart from writing the exams on computer, the arrangement of the exams with respect to timing and level of precision also differs with the conventional paper and pencil-based testing. It is not just testing that the format is being used for, it is now being used for some other examinations. Notable around the world are the Certified Financial Planner (CFP)  \nBoard of Standards, Inc of United State of America, and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) (of United States of America’s Department of Homeland Security) Exam.It is the test needed to be taken to become an inspector, manager, air marshal, or security officer. The Educational Testing Service (ETS) introduced the computer-based version of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), for over two decades now (Bohonos, 2014; Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, 2017).The General Education Development (GED) tests (which is a group of four subject tests which, when passed, provide certification that the test taker has United States’ or Canadian high schoollevel academic skills.The Railway Groups D and C in India has adopted and started using Computer Based Tests and Exams as it often advertises vacancies with its formats. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) Test of Competence Preparation in Uni","cbCais3zwTHOgjAU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCais3zwTHOgjAU","pdf",638517,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## What CBT is and how it differs from PBT\n## Global examples of computer-based exams\n## Adult education and learning foundations\n## Nigerian adoption of CBT","[{\"question\":\"How does computer-based testing differ from paper-based testing for adult learners?\",\"answer\":\"Computer-based testing requires examinees to answer questions directly on a computer, with understanding of basic computer desktop icons, mouse use, and navigation. Timing and precision arrangements also differ from traditional paper and pen testing.\"},{\"question\":\"What advantages are highlighted for CBT/CBE over PBT/PBE?\",\"answer\":\"The paper states that CBT/CBE is simple and interesting to use, and that administration is more subtle. It also emphasizes adopting the format for all forms of tests and exams in adult education.\"},{\"question\":\"What support is recommended when moving from paper-based to computer-based tests?\",\"answer\":\"The paper calls for massive tutorials and advocacy campaigns to address keeping test volumes manageable while reducing candidates’ uncertainties during migration. It also argues that every adult should work toward becoming computer literate.\"}]","Prospects of Computer Based (CB) and Paper Based (PB) Tests in Adult Education | PDF",1790429185,28]