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Growing research highlights the role of tumor-specific T lymphocytes and the promise of autologous, T-cell-based approaches for lung cancer patients. A key strategy involves intravenous delivery of ex vivo-activated autologous lymphocytes to improve patients’ immune status. The review also addresses factors shaping T-cell therapy success and stimulation methods, linking mechanistic insight to clinical trial development for combined immunotherapy and radiation-based regimens.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/prospects-for-treatment-of-lung-cancer-using-activated-lymphocytes-combined-with-other-anti-cancer-modalities/332892/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/prospects-for-treatment-of-lung-cancer-using-activated-lymphocytes-combined-with-other-anti-cancer-modalities/332892.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Genevieve","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main focus of the review on lung cancer therapy?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The review focuses on using diverse T-cell variants, especially ex vivo-activated autologous lymphocytes, as part of combined treatment strategies for lung cancer.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does activated lymphocyte therapy fit into combination treatment?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It emphasizes benefits from combining activated lymphocyte therapy with established options such as radiation therapy, checkpoint inhibitors, and chemotherapy to enhance efficacy and reduce resistance.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which immune cell types contribute to anti-tumor immune responses mentioned in the review?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review describes contributions from natural killer cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in eliminating cancer cells.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},332892,1790816192,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1374391974585,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Review  \nProspects for Treatment of Lung Cancer Using Activated Lymphocytes Combined with Other Anti-Cancer Modalities  \nAnastasia Ganina 1,*, Manarbek Askarov 1, Larissa Kozina 1, Madina Karimova 1, Yerzhan Shayakhmetov 2, Perizat Mukhamedzhanova 2, Aigul Brimova 2, Daulet Berikbol 2, Elmira Chuvakova 1, Lina Zaripova 1 and Abay Baigenzhin 1  \nCitation: Ganina, A.; Askarov, M.; Kozina, L.; Karimova, M.; Shayakhmetov, Y.; Mukhamedzhanova, P.; Brimova, A.; Berikbol, D.; Chuvakova, E.; Zaripova, L.; et al. Prospects for Treatment of Lung Cancer Using Activated Lymphocytes Combined with Other Anti-Cancer Modalities. Adv. Respir. Med. 2024, 92, 504–525 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/arm92060045](https://doi.org/10.3390/arm92060045)  \nAcademic Editors: Sebastian Majewski and Padukudru Anand Mahesh  \nReceived: 18 October 2024  \nRevised: 20 November 2024  \nAccepted: 3 December 2024  \nPublished: 6 December 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Published by MDPI on behalf of the Polish Respiratory Society. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 JSC National Scientific Medical Center, Astana 010009, Kazakhstan; illak@mail.ru (M.A.);  \n[l.kozina@nnmc.kz](l.kozina@nnmc.kz) (L.K.); [madina.karimova.97@bk.ru](madina.karimova.97@bk.ru) (M.K.); [e.chuvakova@nnmc.kz](e.chuvakova@nnmc.kz) (E.C.);  \n[l.zaripova@nnmc.kz](l.zaripova@nnmc.kz) (L.Z.); [a.baigenzhin@nnmc.kz](a.baigenzhin@nnmc.kz) (A.B.)  \n2 International Oncological Tomotherapy Center “YMIT”, Astana 010009, Kazakhstan;  \n[erzhan_1965@mail.ru](erzhan_1965@mail.ru) (Y.S.); [perizat07_04@mail.ru](perizat07_04@mail.ru) (P.M.); [aigul_umit@mail.ru](aigul_umit@mail.ru) (A.B.); [bericbol@mail.ru](bericbol@mail.ru) (D.B.)  \n* Correspondence: [anastassiya_smelova@mail.ru](anastassiya_smelova@mail.ru)  \n[Highlights:](Highlights:)  \nWhat are the main findings?  \n• The article explores the use of autologous activated lymphocytes with their ability to elicit robust anti-tumor immune responses as a promising complex treatment strategy for lung cancer.  \n• The application of various types of T-cell therapy in complex lung cancer treatment in >2000 patients, with a special focus on the autologous activated lymphocytes and infusion protocols, was examined and thoroughly discussed.  \n• The article emphasizes the benefits of combining activated lymphocyte therapy with existing treatments like radiation therapy, checkpoint inhibitors, and chemotherapy to improve efficacy and reduce resistance.  \nWhat are the implications of the main finding?  \n• Various cell types like natural killer cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes contribute to immune responses that assist in eliminating cancer cells.  \n• The potential research gaps are identified, and a wider adoption of immune cell therapy as a component of combination strategies for the treatment of lung cancer is proposed.  \n• The article highlights ongoing research into the tumor microenvironment and its role in immune evasion, suggesting that targeting these mechanisms could boost treatment success, and discusses the significance of clinical trials in validating the effectiveness of activated lymphocyte therapies and the importance of real-world evidence in guiding clinical practice.  \nAbstract: This review explores the significance and prospects of using diverse T-cell variants in the context of combined therapy for lung cancer treatment. Recently, there has been an increase in research focused on understanding the critical role of tumor-specific T lymphocytes and the potential benefits of autologous T-cell-based treatments for individuals with lung cancer. One promising approach involves intravenous administra","cbCaif5Jl6FihRNL","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaif5Jl6FihRNL","pdf",386574,22,"English","# Highlights\n## Main findings\n## Implications of the main finding\n# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# 1. Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of the review on lung cancer therapy?\",\"answer\":\"The review focuses on using diverse T-cell variants, especially ex vivo-activated autologous lymphocytes, as part of combined treatment strategies for lung cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"How does activated lymphocyte therapy fit into combination treatment?\",\"answer\":\"It emphasizes benefits from combining activated lymphocyte therapy with established options such as radiation therapy, checkpoint inhibitors, and chemotherapy to enhance efficacy and reduce resistance.\"},{\"question\":\"Which immune cell types contribute to anti-tumor immune responses mentioned in the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review describes contributions from natural killer cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in eliminating cancer cells.\"}]","Prospects for Treatment of Lung Cancer Using Activated Lymphocytes Combined with Other Anti-Cancer Modalities | PDF",1789999868,55]