[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-594788-105":59,"doc-detail-594788-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","propaganda-education-and-indoctrination","Propaganda - education and indoctrination","","This essay traces the historical evolution of the term propaganda, from its early religious meaning to its modern political and partisan sense. It analyzes how propaganda and education are tightly connected through curriculum design and classroom practice, enabling dominant powers to disseminate ideology. The discussion highlights how persuasive techniques bypass individual reasoning by targeting emotions and using unifying language, and argues that critical thinking is necessary to resist conformity and ignorance, while also questioning education’s supposed immunity.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/propaganda-education-and-indoctrination/594788/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/propaganda-education-and-indoctrination/594788.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ben ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How did the meaning of “propaganda” change over time?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The essay explains that propaganda originally referred to religious propagation and later came to mean political, biased dissemination aimed at promoting a political cause or viewpoint.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why does the essay say propaganda and education are intrinsically linked?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It argues that curricula and classroom practices can spread the ideology of dominant political power, so propaganda is embedded in education rather than separate from it.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What methods does propaganda use to influence people?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The text describes techniques that bypass rational choice, including manipulation and emotional appeals such as fear, anger, grief, guilt, and revenge, along with slogans and symbols that group “us” and “them.”","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},594788,1792189124,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},2336478951081,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Propaganda  \nKatherine Fitzmaurice  \nBrock University  \nAbstract  \nThis essay looks at how the definition and use of the word propaganda has evolved throughout history. In particular, it examines how propaganda and education are intrinsically linked, and the implications of such a relationship. Propaganda’s role in education is problematic as on the surface, it appears to serve as a warning against the dangers of propaganda, yet at the same time it disseminates the ideology of a dominant political power through curriculum and practice. Although propaganda can easily permeate our thoughts and actions, critical thinking and awareness can provide the best defense against falling into propaganda’s trap ofconformity and ignorance.  \nKeywords: propaganda, education, indoctrination, curriculum, ideology  \nKatherine Fitzmaurice is a Master’s of Education (M.Ed.) student at Brock University. She is currently employed in the private business sector and is a volunteer with several local educational organizations. Her research interests include adult literacy education, issues of access and equity for marginalized adults, and the future and widening of adult education.  \n[Email: kf13gu@brocku.ca](Email: kf13gu@brocku.ca)  \nAccording to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED, 2011) the word propaganda can be traced back to 1621-23, when it first appeared in “Congregatio de progapanda fide,” meaning“congregation for propagating the faith.” This was a mission, commissioned by Pope Gregory XV, to spread the doctrine of the Catholic Church to non-believers. At the time, propaganda was defined as “an organization, scheme, or movement for the propagation of a particular doctrine, practice, etc.” (OED) . That is, propaganda was originally defined as a form of religious indoctrination.  \nBy early in the twentieth century, around the time of the First World War, the word propaganda began to define political rather than religious indoctrination, reflecting the shift in societal power from Church to State (Fellows, 1959) . The OED’s definition traces the word’s evolution: “the systematic dissemination of information, esp. in a biased or misleading way, in order to promote a political cause or point of view.” Here propaganda emerges as being political and partisan in nature, in its attempt to coerce or persuade a mass audience to conform to a particular point of view.  \nHistorically, propaganda has always been used as an instrument of control and conformity by the dominant social power. This is what Ellul calls,“propaganda of integration” which he views as being employed by all modern social systems to encourage all citizens to comply with and support said system (Silverstein, 1987) . Due to its covert, subtle, and unassuming nature, propaganda functions as a method of social control by using tools of persuasion, manipulation, and “hidden” or undefined source[s] (Henderson, 1943) . Propaganda is also used by governments to encourage [or coerce] citizens to act and think in accordance with its philosophy and to uphold and support the contrived image of itself as well as the nation that it seeks to portray (Koppang, 2009) . Propaganda works by “circumvent[ing] individual reasoning and rational choice” and distracts individuals from making personal assessments of biases in the propagandist’s reasoning and message (Koppang, 2009 , p. 121) . It manipulates acceptance by preying on an individual’s emotions such as, fear, anger, grief, guilt and revenge (Koppang, 2009) . Unifying and isolating words such as,“us” and “them” and visuals, slogans, and symbols are all utilized to hastily attract support to its message without critical thought or reflection on its meaning (Koppang, 2009) .  \nThe first instance of propaganda in formal education to achieve conformity and adherence toa political agenda occurred in 1917, as American President Wilson integrated his government’s objectives to garner support for their entry into the First World War by embedding pro-war lite","cbCaiq5U2X8jbJfX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiq5U2X8jbJfX","pdf",407194,"English","# Abstract\n# Historical evolution of propaganda\n## Religious origins\n## Political shift\n# Propaganda as social control\n## Persuasion and manipulation\n## Emotion and group framing\n# Propaganda in formal education\n## Early examples and impacts\n# Education as both defense and risk\n# Case studies and literary evidence","[{\"question\":\"How did the meaning of “propaganda” change over time?\",\"answer\":\"The essay explains that propaganda originally referred to religious propagation and later came to mean political, biased dissemination aimed at promoting a political cause or viewpoint.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the essay say propaganda and education are intrinsically linked?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that curricula and classroom practices can spread the ideology of dominant political power, so propaganda is embedded in education rather than separate from it.\"},{\"question\":\"What methods does propaganda use to influence people?\",\"answer\":\"The text describes techniques that bypass rational choice, including manipulation and emotional appeals such as fear, anger, grief, guilt, and revenge, along with slogans and symbols that group “us” and “them.”\"}]","Propaganda - education and indoctrination | PDF",1792079848,13]