[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-599609-105":59,"doc-detail-599609-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","promoting-change-within-the-constraints-of-conflict-case-study-of-sadaka-reut-in-israel-karen-ross","Promoting Change within the Constraints of Conflict - Case Study of Sadaka Reut in Israel - Karen Ross","","Explores transformative education in Israel through Sadaka Reut, a binational civil society organization working with Jewish and Palestinian youth. Analyzes three core tools: using personal experiences for discussion, stressing personal–structural links, and running uninational activities within a binational framework. Presents a 2011 Bat Yam group vignette on self-portraits and gender imbalance in military schooling, showing how power relations shape personal choices. Concludes that dominant Israeli discourses constrain the organization’s potential for broad social change.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/promoting-change-within-the-constraints-of-conflict-case-study-of-sadaka-reut-in-israel-karen-ross/599609/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/promoting-change-within-the-constraints-of-conflict-case-study-of-sadaka-reut-in-israel-karen-ross/599609.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"jayni","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What transformative education tools does Sadaka Reut use?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The article identifies three tools: using participants’ personal experiences as discussion foundations, emphasizing links between personal and structural factors, and implementing uninational activities inside a binational framework.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the Bat Yam meeting vignette illustrate Sadaka Reut’s approach?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Through a discussion of self-portraits and questions about gender imbalance in military schooling, facilitators link individual desires and constraints to broader power relations in Israeli society.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why does the article argue Sadaka Reut’s impact is limited despite its potential?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Although the approach can foster participant transformation, dominant discourses in Israeli society impose significant constraints, reducing the organization’s ability to achieve widespread success in promoting social change.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},599609,1792209487,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747859343,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Promoting Change within the Constraints of Conflict:  \nCase Study of Sadaka Reut in Israel  \nKaren Ross[1]  \nIndiana University, USA  \nThis article explores the approach to transformative education utilized by Sadaka Reut, a binational civil society organization in Israel that works with Jewish and Palestinian youth. I examine three central tools Sadaka Reut uses to achieve its goal of educating youth for social change: using personal experiences as the basis for discussion; emphasizing personal-structural links; and implementing uninational activities within a binational framework. I argue that though the organization’s approach holds potential for appealing to a broad audience and for fostering transformation amongst participants, the strength of dominant discourses in Israeli society places significant constraints on Sadaka Reut’s work and limits possibilities for widespread success.  \nThe Work of Sadaka Reut  \nOn a January evening in 2011, I joined Sadaka Reut’s Bat Yam[2] group for its weekly meeting and a discussion of self-portraits taken by the group’s members—Jewish young women in the 9th through 11th grades from lower-middle class families of Moroccan descent. Inana,[3] one of the group members, described two pictures taken outside her military training school, explaining that they depicted students at rest following a mandatory end-of-the-day formation. Michal, the group’s facilitator, a 23-year-old Jewish woman, asked Inana and the rest of the group about these photographs: “What does this picture tell us about you and about your school environment? What is the ratio of boys and girls in the school? Why do you think are there fewer girls than boys studying at a military school?”[4]  \nOver the next hour, the group discussed this and related issues. From the question about the boygirl ratio emerged several comments about contexts characterized by significant gender imbalance, and who is advantaged and disadvantaged by such situations. When Sivan, another participant, mentioned that women face a difficult choice about careers in Israel’s military, saying, “You can’t be a mom” in that context, Michal suggested, “[These choices] are structurally constrained. In other words, personal desires are influenced by external factors, and not only internal ones: what we decide, or what we want, is structured by our society and our environment.” Michal emphasized the personal-structural connection repeatedly throughout the discussion, asking how power relations in Israeli society influence personal choices. As the session drew to a close, another participant, Gavrielle, said, “You can’t generalize. Society defines who is a man or a woman—but it doesn’t mean that he or she will be exactly the way society says they should be.” Michal responded. “That’s exactly how I think we should summarize today’s discussion—thinking about the roles that society sets for us, and yet, how each of us as individuals fit (or don’t fit) into those roles.”  \nI share this vignette as a starting point to highlight the work of the Israeli civil society organization, Sadaka Reut. The vignette embodies Sadaka Reut’s programmatic approach, implemented with the overarching goals of helping youth develop critical awareness of structural issues in Israeli society and fostering engagement in activities aimed at challenging policies that create advantages for some groups while systemically discriminating against others. Sadaka Reut’s approach has allowed it to survive within an environment characterized by conflict-laden relations between Jews and Palestinians,[5] and unequal opportunities for Israeli minorities. Moreover, this approach has enabled Sadaka Reut to permeate the formal education system while maintaining a critical ideology challenging messages disseminated in Israeli schools. Yet, I argue that even as it has adopted approaches designed to mitigate constraining factors and facilitated significant change among its participants, dominant societal disco","cbCaieZ58kfChQ3Q","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieZ58kfChQ3Q","pdf",284715,18,"English","# The Work of Sadaka Reut\n## Background and Context","[{\"question\":\"What transformative education tools does Sadaka Reut use?\",\"answer\":\"The article identifies three tools: using participants’ personal experiences as discussion foundations, emphasizing links between personal and structural factors, and implementing uninational activities inside a binational framework.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the Bat Yam meeting vignette illustrate Sadaka Reut’s approach?\",\"answer\":\"Through a discussion of self-portraits and questions about gender imbalance in military schooling, facilitators link individual desires and constraints to broader power relations in Israeli society.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the article argue Sadaka Reut’s impact is limited despite its potential?\",\"answer\":\"Although the approach can foster participant transformation, dominant discourses in Israeli society impose significant constraints, reducing the organization’s ability to achieve widespread success in promoting social change.\"}]","Promoting Change within the Constraints of Conflict - Case Study of Sadaka Reut in Israel - Karen Ross | PDF",1792089109,45]