[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-183984-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-183984-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","proline-glycine-basic-aliphatic-amino-acids-review","Proline-Glycine-Basic-Aliphatic Amino Acids Review","","This document provides a comprehensive review of key amino acids, categorizing them into Proline & Glycine, Basic, and Aliphatic groups. For each amino acid, it details the Name, Abbreviation, Structure, and essential Key Features. Proline is highlighted as an imino acid absent from alpha helices, hydroxylated in collagen, and existing in cis-peptide bonds. Glycine is noted as achiral, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, and a precursor for Heme. The Basic amino acids section covers Lysine, Arginine, and Histidine. Lysine is a major component of Histones and undergoes epigenetic modification. Arginine is synthesized in the Urea Cycle and used to generate Nitric Oxide and Creatinine. Histidine has a pK near biological pH and is decarboxylated to Histamine. The Aliphatic amino acids covered are Alanine, Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine. Alanine is transaminated to Pyruvate and provides energy via the Glucose-Ala cycle. Valine is hydrophobic and aliphatic; its Glu → Val substitution in Hb causes Sickle Cell Disease. Leucine is also hydrophobic and aliphatic, containing an \"Iso\" group. Isoleucine is a structural isomer of Leucine, also hydrophobic and aliphatic. This review sheet is an essential resource for understanding the distinct properties and biological roles of these fundamental amino acids, particularly for MCAT preparation.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/","Exam",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/proline-glycine-basic-aliphatic-amino-acids-review/183984/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/proline-glycine-basic-aliphatic-amino-acids-review/183984.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"\tJames","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-09","2026-09-02",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",8,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What are the key features of Proline and Glycine?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Proline is an imino acid absent from alpha helices, hydroxylated in collagen, and exists in cis-peptide bonds. Glycine is achiral, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, and used to make Heme.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What is significant about the Basic amino acids listed?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Lysine is a major component of Histones and undergoes epigenetic modification. Arginine is synthesized in the Urea Cycle and used to generate Nitric Oxide and Creatinine. Histidine has a pK close to biological pH and is decarboxylated to Histamine.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How do the Aliphatic amino acids differ in their biological roles?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Alanine provides energy to tissues via the Glucose-Ala Cycle. Valine's substitution in Hb causes Sickle Cell Disease. Leucine contains an \"Iso\" group, and Isoleucine is a structural isomer of Leucine.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},183984,1788354863,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":33,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":11,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":115,"language":138,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":80,"read_time":142},2336474466412,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","cbCaihtM9b9PloEC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihtM9b9PloEC","pdf",2633301,"English","# Proline & Glycine\n## Proline\n## Glycine\n# BASIC Amino Acids\n## Lysine\n## Arginine\n## Histidine\n# Aliphatic Amino Acids\n## Alanine\n## Valine\n## Leucine\n## Isoleucine","[{\"question\":\"What are the key features of Proline and Glycine?\",\"answer\":\"Proline is an imino acid absent from alpha helices, hydroxylated in collagen, and exists in cis-peptide bonds. Glycine is achiral, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, and used to make Heme.\"},{\"question\":\"What is significant about the Basic amino acids listed?\",\"answer\":\"Lysine is a major component of Histones and undergoes epigenetic modification. Arginine is synthesized in the Urea Cycle and used to generate Nitric Oxide and Creatinine. Histidine has a pK close to biological pH and is decarboxylated to Histamine.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the Aliphatic amino acids differ in their biological roles?\",\"answer\":\"Alanine provides energy to tissues via the Glucose-Ala Cycle. Valine's substitution in Hb causes Sickle Cell Disease. Leucine contains an \\\"Iso\\\" group, and Isoleucine is a structural isomer of Leucine.\"}]","Proline-Glycine-Basic-Aliphatic Amino Acids Review | PDF",23]