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Early detection and complete excision with free margins are emphasized, along with lifelong follow-up due to resistance to available treatments and the need for regular oral screening.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/proliferative-verrucousmultifocal-leukoplakia-case-report-updates-and-literature-review/405689/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/proliferative-verrucousmultifocal-leukoplakia-case-report-updates-and-literature-review/405689.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Ophelia","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",15,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why is proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) clinically important?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"PVL is multifocal, slowly evolving, resistant to treatment, and has a high propensity for malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What symptoms led to diagnosis in this reported patient?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"A 61-year-old woman reported a recurring painless white patch on the tongue for two months, with oropharyngeal dryness.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What was the management approach and follow-up outcome?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The lesion underwent excisional biopsy to assess dysplasia, and hemostasis was achieved with interrupted sutures. No recurrence was observed after a one-year follow-up.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},405689,1790666319,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":97,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},7971461741311,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000253aff267980c6?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779345379180704826","®  \n Clinical Case Report   \nProliferative verrucous/multifocal leukoplakia Updates and literature review “case report”  \nAbdullah Alsoghier, PhDa , Hamad AlBagieh, MDS, ABOPb , Lujain AlSahman, PhDc,*  , Rana Alshagroud, ABOMPd , Roba AlSahman, BDSe  \n\n| Abstract\u003Cbr>Rationale: Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is a multifocal, slowly evolving lesion that resists all types of treatment and has a high propensity for malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma. Lack of awareness and acquaintance with white lesions of the oral cavity makes it difficult to diagnose. Besides being rare, PVL significantly aggressive, so clinicians need tobe aware of it carefully. Therefore, it is recommended to have the earliest possible diagnosis and total excision of this lesion. Wereport this case to present typical clinical and histologic features of PVL so a For the purpose of sensitizing clinician.\u003Cbr>Patient concern: A 61-year-old female came to the clinic concerning of recurring painless, white patch on the tongue 2 months ago, associated with oropharyngeal dryness.\u003Cbr>Diagnoses: This case satisfies these major and minor criteria to diagnosed PVL.\u003Cbr>Intervention: An excisional biopsy of the lesion was done to check for the presence of dysplasia, as lesions were persisting. Hemostasis was achieved with single interrupted sutures.\u003Cbr>Outcome: no recurrence has been observed since excisional 1 year follow-up.\u003Cbr>Lesson: The key feature is early detection, precisely in cases of PVL it is critical for better treatment outcomes, lifesaving, qualityof-life enhancement. To detect and treat any potential pathologies, clinicians should meticulously examine the oral cavity and patients have to be aware and informed of the importance of regular screenings. This lesion is resistant to the presently available treatment modalities; therefore, total excision with free surgical margins is critical combined with a lifelong follow-up. Abbreviations: CKD = chronic kidney disease, OL = oral leukoplakia, OLL = oral lichenoid lesions, OLP = oral lichen planus, PVL = proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. |\n| --- |\n| Keywords: malignant lesions, multifocal oral leukoplakia, oral pathology, PVL |\n\n1. Introduction  \nProliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) was initially identified by Hansen et al[1], in 1985 as a discrete variety of oral leukoplakia (OL) . This presents with multifocal, slowly evolving lesion, resisting all types of treatment, with a high recurrence rate and a propensity for malignant transformation. This pathology tends to follow a persistent clinical course with high rates of resurgence and gradual development into oral squamous cell carcinoma.[2,3] As this entity lacks distinct histopathologic criteria, the diagnosis is formed on the combined clinicopathologic evidence of progression.[4,5] PVL is identified as primarily a clinicopathologic entity. PVL starts as a simple white patch or plaque, with  \nmarked hyperkeratosis of the mucosa and has a tendency for contagious spread. PVL is also typified by its progressive, relentless, and irreversible feature, and with time involved areas show an exophytic, wartlike growth or verruciform proliferation.[1,3] The surface of the lesion shows aberrant keratinization initially and turns into extremely textured, varied, nodular, and indurated in due course.[3] Heterogenous appearance and progressive clinical course is the hallmark of PVL.[2] This lesion usually multifocal that frequently involves the buccal mucosa, gingiva, and edentulous alveolar ridge. It slowly spreads to contagious or noncontagious regions.[6–9] A strong female predilection, with a 4:1 female-to-male ratio, is observed in PVL,[10] and the average age at the time of diagnosis is around 70 years.[9]  \nI, give my consent on patient behalf as her guardian for the publication of identifiable details, which can include photograph (s) and/or videos and/or case history and/or details within the text (“Material”) to be publis","cbCaihji2xdb4DHm","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihji2xdb4DHm","pdf",602146,"English","# Introduction\n## Patient consent and disclosures\n## Case background and diagnosis criteria\n# PVL clinical and histologic characteristics\n## Etiology and contributing factors\n# PRISMA identification\n# Abbreviations","[{\"question\":\"Why is proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) clinically important?\",\"answer\":\"PVL is multifocal, slowly evolving, resistant to treatment, and has a high propensity for malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma.\"},{\"question\":\"What symptoms led to diagnosis in this reported patient?\",\"answer\":\"A 61-year-old woman reported a recurring painless white patch on the tongue for two months, with oropharyngeal dryness.\"},{\"question\":\"What was the management approach and follow-up outcome?\",\"answer\":\"The lesion underwent excisional biopsy to assess dysplasia, and hemostasis was achieved with interrupted sutures. No recurrence was observed after a one-year follow-up.\"}]","Proliferative verrucous/multifocal leukoplakia - case report - Updates and literature review | PDF",1790561456,13]