[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-349432-105":59,"doc-detail-349432-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","progress-of-estrogen-receptor-and-splice-variants-in-ovarian-carcinoma","Progress of estrogen receptor and splice variants in ovarian carcinoma","","Ovarian cancer is an estrogen-dependent malignancy whose initiation and progression are driven by estrogen regulation and estrogen receptor (ER) signaling. This review explains how ERα promotes tumor cell proliferation, migration, and contributes to cisplatin resistance, while its splice variants alter sensitivity to tamoxifen. It contrasts ERβ’s tumor-suppressive role and the subtype-specific effects of ERβ agonists, and discusses GPER1 as a membrane receptor mediating non-genomic estrogen actions. The review highlights unresolved ER crosstalk mechanisms and summarizes implications for early diagnosis and therapeutic target discovery.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/progress-of-estrogen-receptor-and-splice-variants-in-ovarian-carcinoma/349432/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/progress-of-estrogen-receptor-and-splice-variants-in-ovarian-carcinoma/349432.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Bulrr","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does estrogen signaling contribute to ovarian cancer development?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Ovarian cancer initiation and progression are closely linked to estrogen regulation. Estrogen activates estrogen receptor pathways that influence key cellular processes driving tumor growth.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What roles do ERα and its splice variants play in ovarian cancer therapy response?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"ERα promotes proliferation and migration and is associated with cisplatin resistance. Its splice variants modulate cancer cell sensitivity to tamoxifen.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do ERβ and GPER1 differ from ERα in their functions?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"ERβ functions as a tumor suppressor and counteracts ERα’s pro-tumor effects, with distinct ERβ subtypes having different biological roles. GPER1 mediates estrogen’s non-genomic actions, with its impact depending on clinical stage and subcellular localization.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},349432,1790551628,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},5909892115043,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Mo etal. Journal of Ovarian Research (2026) 19:231 Journal of Ovarian Research  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-026-02122-w](https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-026-02122-w)  \nREVIEW Open Access  \nProgress of estrogen receptor and splice variants in ovarian carcinoma  \nTing Mo1, Ziqi Hong1, Youqiong Mo3, Jing Tian2* and Jian Chen1*  \nAbstract  \nOvarian cancer is a typical estrogen-dependent tumor, with its initiation and progression closely associated with estrogen regulation. Estrogen exerts physiological effects by binding to estrogen receptors (ERs), and aberrant activation of ER signaling pathways is a crucial mechanism in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. ERα promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration, and is linked to cisplatin resistance, while its splice variants modulate cancer cell sensitivity to tamoxifen. Conversely, ERβ functions as a tumor suppressor and counteracts the pro-tumorigenic effects of ERα . Distinct ERβ subtypes have divergent biological functions, and their agonistscan enhance cancer cell chemosensitivity. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), a membrane estrogen receptor, mediates the non-genomic effects of estrogen. Its role depends on clinical stages and subcellular localization, and its association with ovarian cancer prognosis is under debate. GPER1 may interact with ERα in ovarian cancer, yet the specific crosstalk mechanism remains unelucidated. Elucidating the complex functional crosstalk of estrogen and ERs, as well as the diverse roles of ER splice variants, is expected to provide novel insights for the early diagnosis and identification of therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer.  \nKeywords Ovarian cancer, Estrogen, Estrogen receptor, Splice variants  \nIntroduction  \nBased on the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database covering 204 countries and regions worldwide, there were 294,422 new cases of ovarian cancer (OC) in women globally, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 6.87 per 100,000 population, and 198,412 °C-related deaths, corresponding to an age-standardized mortality rate of 4.56 per 100,000 population [1]. This disease  \n*Correspondence:  \nJing Tian[jingtian117@glmc.edu.cn](jingtian117@glmc.edu.cn)[ ](jingtian117@glmc.edu.cn)Jian Chen[chenjian@glmc.edu.cn](chenjian@glmc.edu.cn)  \n1Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P. R. China 2Department of Physiology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin,  \nGuangxi 541004, P. R. China  \n3Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P. R. China  \nis characterized by its high malignancy, mortality, recurrence rate and poor prognosis [2]. OC may arise from different histological components of the ovary, including epithelial cells, stromal cells, and germ cells [3–5]. Moreover, about 90% of ovarian tumors originate from epithelial cell transformation, and are classified as epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) [6]. Among the remaining histological subtypes, germ cell tumors account for 5% of all ovarian cancers, while sex cord-stromal tumors account for 2 ~ 5%[7]. Due to the absence of specific symptoms and early-stage biomarkers, ovarian cancer is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to poor survival outcomes [8], and posing a serious threat to women’s mental and physical health.  \nEpidemiological studies have demonstrated that risk factors including a positive family history, advanced age, and infertility may increase the incidence of ovarian cancer, and that the vast majority of these known risk factors  \n© The Author(s) 2026. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link ","cbCaiqI26hSHXBdd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqI26hSHXBdd","pdf",880946,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Estrogen receptors and their splice variants","[{\"question\":\"How does estrogen signaling contribute to ovarian cancer development?\",\"answer\":\"Ovarian cancer initiation and progression are closely linked to estrogen regulation. Estrogen activates estrogen receptor pathways that influence key cellular processes driving tumor growth.\"},{\"question\":\"What roles do ERα and its splice variants play in ovarian cancer therapy response?\",\"answer\":\"ERα promotes proliferation and migration and is associated with cisplatin resistance. Its splice variants modulate cancer cell sensitivity to tamoxifen.\"},{\"question\":\"How do ERβ and GPER1 differ from ERα in their functions?\",\"answer\":\"ERβ functions as a tumor suppressor and counteracts ERα’s pro-tumor effects, with distinct ERβ subtypes having different biological roles. GPER1 mediates estrogen’s non-genomic actions, with its impact depending on clinical stage and subcellular localization.\"}]","Progress of estrogen receptor and splice variants in ovarian carcinoma | PDF",1790083294,15]