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It describes efforts to raise working hours, cut wages, weaken protections, and undermine trade unionism, including pressure against rail shop unions and the 8-hour day. It argues that injunction law and anti-labor legislation are used to deprive workers of rights, while union leadership retreat and surrender worsen the danger to labor’s survival.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/program-of-the-trade-union-educational-league-the-offensive-against-the-labor-movement/323436/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/program-of-the-trade-union-educational-league-the-offensive-against-the-labor-movement/323436.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Oliver","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What crisis does the program describe for the labor movement in 1927?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It describes the labor movement as facing the deepest crisis in its history, with employers renewing attacks and unions being driven out or reduced to impotence in key industries.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do employers use government power against labor according to the program?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Employers are portrayed as using injunctions and court orders that replace ordinary law, alongside anti-labor legislation and institutions that strip workers of civil rights during disputes.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What role does union leadership retreat play in the program’s assessment?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The program claims that for more than five years unions have been losing ground due to retreat, defeat, declining membership, and reduced militancy, which makes the situation more dangerous during economic depression.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},323436,1790439031,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},8796095461610,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","97-84231-2  \nTrade Union EducationalLeague (U.S.)  \nProgram of the TradeUnion Educational League  \nNew York  \n[1927]  \n# COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIESPRESERVATION DIVISION\n\nBIBLIOGRAPHIC MICROFORM TARGET  \nORIGINAL MATERIAL AS FILMED-EXISTING BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD  \n308ZBox 697Trade union educational league  \nProgrem of the Trade union educational league,adopted by the third national conference,NewYork,Docember 3-4,1927.New York,The Tradeunion educational league (1927,14 p.  \nRESTRIC:TIONS ON USE:  \n Reproductions may not be made without permission from Columbia University Libraries.                 \nTECHNICAL MICROFORM DATA  \nFILM SIZE:            35REDUCTION RATIO:            9.  \nIMAGE PLACEMENT:IA  \nIB IIB  \nDATE FILMED:                    11--97INITIALS:         CB  \nT3ACKING\\#:                                                                                              sH 26727  \nFILMED BY PRESERVATION RESOURCES,BETHLEHEM,PA.  \n# BIBLIOGRAPHIC IRREGULARITIES\n\nMAIN ENTRY:Trade Union Educational League(U.S.           …  \n…      --…  ***     -            …  *  \nProgram of the Trade Union Educational League   …  \nBibliographic Irregularities in the Original Document:  \nList all volumes and pages affected;include name of institution if filming borrowed text.  \n  Page(s)missing/not available:_  \n                             \n   Volume(s)missing/not available:_                             \n   Illegjible and/or damaged page(s):_                            \n  Page(s)or volume(s)misnumbered:_                           \n  Bound out of sequence:                                \nXMichigan State University _ Page(s)or volume(s)filmed from copy borrowed from:_                    (front and back covers)  \n   Other:_                                           \n   Inserted material:                                            \nFILMED IN WHOLEOR PART FROM ACOPY BORROWEDFROM:  \nMICHIGAN STATE  \nUNIVERSITY  \n√f(459  \n\n|  | PROGRAM  \u003Cbr>OF  \u003Cbr>UNION  \u003Cbr>THE  \u003Cbr>TRA DE  \u003Cbr>EDUCATIONAL LEAGUE  \u003Cbr>Adopted by the Tbird National Conference  \u003Cbr>New York,December 3-4,1927  \u003Cbr>PUBLISHED BY  \u003Cbr>THE TRADE UNION EDUCATIONAL LEAGUE  \u003Cbr>2 WEST FIFTEENTH STREET  \u003Cbr>NEW YORK CITY  \u003Cbr>人   |\n| --- | --- |\n\n5  \n569111e972-5  \n# PROGRAM OF THE TRADE UNIONEDUCATIONAL LEAGUE\n\n## THE OFFENSIVE AGAINST THE LABOR MoVEMENT\n\nThe trade union movement is in the deepest crisis of its history.At thistime,while the Third National Conference of the Trade Union EducationalLeague is meeting,the great attack against the labor movement is beingrenewed with redoubled vigor.The employers are openly battling to increaseworking hours,decrease wages,break down protective regulations,and smashall effective trade unionism.The railroad shop unions have been largely re-placed by company\"unions,\"while the 8-hour day on the railroads is beingrapidly undermined.The trade unions have been driven out or reduced toimpotence in the basic and key industries.More and more,the A.F.of L.isbeing narrowed to skilled and privileged workers,whose interests the bureau-cratic leaders seek to protect at the expense of the basic mass of the workers.The much-heralded“prosperity”of 1925-26,which never reflected itself inprosperity for more than a very small number of workersis now near it end;unemployment is rapidly becoming acute;the capitalist class of America sees itsopportunity to complete the union-smashing campaign which was only partiallycarried out in 1920-23.  \nThe union-wrecking drive reaches its apex in the present efforts of theemployers to smash the Miners Union.Aided by the treacherous leadershipof the Lewis regime,the coal operators,in the past few years,have destroyeddistrict after district of the union,which has lost some 200,000 members.Nowin this strike the operators are crushing the union in the three key districts ofWestern Pennsylvania and Ohio.Should they succeed the U.M.W.A.willbe broken nationally.Such an employers'victory would stimulate the openshop movement in every indust","cbCaif0GrJdFB9KA","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaif0GrJdFB9KA","pdf",786106,14,"English","# BIBLIOGRAPHIC IRREGULARITIES\n# PROGRAM OF THE TRADE UNION EDUCATIONAL LEAGUE\n## THE OFFENSIVE AGAINST THE LABOR MOVEMENT\n## PROGRAM OF THE T.U.E.L.\n## GOVERNMENT BY INJUNCTION\n## UNION LEADERSHIP IN RETREAT AND SURRENDER","[{\"question\":\"What crisis does the program describe for the labor movement in 1927?\",\"answer\":\"It describes the labor movement as facing the deepest crisis in its history, with employers renewing attacks and unions being driven out or reduced to impotence in key industries.\"},{\"question\":\"How do employers use government power against labor according to the program?\",\"answer\":\"Employers are portrayed as using injunctions and court orders that replace ordinary law, alongside anti-labor legislation and institutions that strip workers of civil rights during disputes.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does union leadership retreat play in the program’s assessment?\",\"answer\":\"The program claims that for more than five years unions have been losing ground due to retreat, defeat, declining membership, and reduced militancy, which makes the situation more dangerous during economic depression.\"}]","PROGRAM OF THE TRADE UNION EDUCATIONAL LEAGUE - THE OFFENSIVE AGAINST THE LABOR MOVEMENT | PDF",1789965206,35]