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It outlines how the Cato Institute’s Center for Educational Freedom tracked permanent private school closures, using factors such as closure announcement dates, tuition levels, school type, and student demographics, and compares sector vitality against expectations. 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It focused on permanent closures where COVID-19 effects partially drove the decision.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which period does the paper cover for COVID-19–connected private school closures?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"From March 18, 2020, to March 17, 2021, covering data one year after the first reported closure connected to COVID-19.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why was COVID-19 viewed as a particularly serious threat to private schools?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Private schools do not receive dedicated taxpayer funding and depend on tuition plus voluntary support from families and donors. 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These schools, which only survive if people can pay for them,  \nseemed to face deep trouble. Many private schools have thin financial margins even ingood economic times and rely not only on tuition but also on fundraisers, such as in-person auctions, to make ends meet. When the pandemichit, many such events were canceled, and churches no longer met in person, threatening contributions that help support some private schools. Simultaneously, many private schooling families faced tighter finances, making private schooling less affordable. Finally, families that could still afford private schooling might have concluded that continuing to pay for education that was going to be online-only made little sense.  \nTo gauge how the private schooling sector has fared amid the coronavirus pandemic, Cato’s Center for Educational Freedom launched the COVID-19  \nPermanent Private School Closures tracker. The tracker attempts to capture all private schools that announced permanent closure—not just temporary closure of a building to in-person education—with the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic having at least partially driven the decision. The tracker includes school names, closure announcement dates, tuition levels, school type, student demographics, and more. In addition, the Center for Educational Freedom has collected data on private schools that have closed without the pandemic as a contributing factor and has attempted to gauge the effect of COVID-19 on overall private school enrollment.  \nThis paper provides data on private school closures one year after the first reported COVID-19-connected closure, covering March 18, 2020, to March 17, 2021. It also discusses overall private schooling vitality, including why the pandemic’s effects on the sector were less dire than many people likely expected, which schools and areas were most affected, and what policies going forward can preserve private schooling for families that desire it.  \nNeal McCluskey directs the Cato Institute’s Center for Educational Freedom and is coeditor of School Choice Myths: Setting the Record Straight on Education Freedom (Cato Institute, 2020) .  \n2  \n“While public  \nschools tended to  \neschewin-person schooling, private schools typically embraced  \nit.”  \nINTRODUCTION  \nFewAmericans alive in March 2020 will likely forget how quickly and totally life changed as COVID-19 went from an obscure illness popping up in faraway places to a pandemic that saw the country and world enter lockdown. People were urged and often mandated to remain at home and distanced from anyone outside their households to slow the spread of the disease. Schools of all types—traditional public, charter, private—quickly halted in-person education, and instruction either moved online, became packets of worksheets to be completed at home, or did not occur at all.  \nThe halting of in-person instruction for basically all schools lasted through the end of the 2019–20 school year, but by June 2020, there was optimism about many schools allowing it for the next school year. COVID-19’s spread had been slowing, hitting a national seven-day moving average low of 4 percent positive tests on June 9.1 But then positive rates rose until July 23, and optimism about in-person education dwindled among public school districts. Many of them changed plans from fully in-person schooling to either hybrid—some days in school each week, some at home—or entirely online.2 Such changes often did not occur smoothly, with many alterations of plans.  \nWhile public schools tended to eschewin-person schooling, private schools typically embraced it. A survey conducted by the journal Education Next in ","cbCainjwyzKgpXgk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainjwyzKgpXgk","pdf",287988,16,"English","# Executive Summary\n# Introduction\n# Closure Data","[{\"question\":\"What tracking approach did the Cato Institute’s Center for Educational Freedom use for private school closures?\",\"answer\":\"It monitored news reports and also collected closure reports from the public via a dedicated closures website and related channels. It focused on permanent closures where COVID-19 effects partially drove the decision.\"},{\"question\":\"Which period does the paper cover for COVID-19–connected private school closures?\",\"answer\":\"From March 18, 2020, to March 17, 2021, covering data one year after the first reported closure connected to COVID-19.\"},{\"question\":\"Why was COVID-19 viewed as a particularly serious threat to private schools?\",\"answer\":\"Private schools do not receive dedicated taxpayer funding and depend on tuition plus voluntary support from families and donors. Pandemic-related disruptions could reduce both financial stability and contributions.\"}]","Private Schooling after a Year of COVID-19 - How the Private Sector Has Fared and How to Keep It Healthy | PDF",1792044024]