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This review explains how early subclinical vascular changes and risk factors in youth can be identified and mitigated. It summarizes epidemiology and key exposures—hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity/insulin resistance, smoking/lifestyle, socioeconomic and genetic factors—then proposes intensive glycemic management, cardiometabolic risk targeting, and timely pharmacological care.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/preventing-and-managing-vascular-complications-in-adolescents-with-type-1-diabetes-review-article-prevention-and-management-strategies/437971/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/preventing-and-managing-vascular-complications-in-adolescents-with-type-1-diabetes-review-article-prevention-and-management-strategies/437971.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"pop out","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are vascular complications important in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Vascular morbidity and mortality are strongly linked to vascular complications. Even though overt disease may occur later, adolescents can already show risk factors and early subclinical vascular damage.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What risk factors are highlighted for developing vascular complications?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Key exposures include hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity with insulin resistance, smoking and lifestyle factors, socioeconomic influences, and genetic or familial factors.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How can complications be prevented or delayed in youth?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review emphasizes intensive diabetes management and targeted screening to delay or halt progression. Prevention focuses on achieving optimal glycemic targets, addressing cardiometabolic risk factors, and implementing early screening programs.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},437971,1790716813,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090760408,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Wiley  \nJournal of Diabetes Research  \nVolume 2025, Article ID 2449658, 14 pages [https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/2449658](https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/2449658)  \nReview Article  \nPreventing and Managing Vascular Complications in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes  \nBeatrice Prampolini , 1 Cansu Ceren Eryılmaz,2 and M. Loredana Marcovecchio 3 1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults-Post-Graduate School of Pediatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy  \n2Department of Child Health and Disease, Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey  \n3Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK Correspondence should be addressed to M. Loredana Marcovecchio; [mlm45@medschl.cam.ac.uk](mlm45@medschl.cam.ac.uk)  \nReceived 11 February 2025; Revised 12 November 2025; Accepted 21 November 2025  \nAcademic Editor: Yun Shen  \nCopyright © 2025 Beatrice Prampolini et al. Journal of Diabetes Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \nThe morbidity and mortality associated with Type 1 diabetes are primarily linked to vascular complications. While overt clinical manifestations of microvascular complications and cardiovascular disease predominantly occur during adulthood, a noteworthy proportion of adolescents with Type 1 diabetes have one or more risk factors for the development of vascular complications. In addition, early subclinical stages of vascular complications can be detected already in youth with diabetes. Intensive diabetes management and targeted screening strategies can effectively delay or halt the progression of these complications. Preventative strategies should focus on three main principles: achieving optimal glycemic targets, preventing and targeting cardiometabolic risk factors, and implementing early screening programs. For managing complications, a comprehensive approach is essential, combining insulin therapy to optimize glycemic targets, motivational lifestyle interventions, and timely pharmacological treatments. This review summarizes the epidemiology and risk factors for vascular complications in youth with Type 1 diabetes and emphasizes the importance of early detection and prevention, and effective treatment strategies.  \nKeywords: adolescents; prevention; screening; treatment; Type 1 diabetes; vascular complications; youth  \n1. Introduction  \nType 1 diabetes is linked to a reduced quality of life, increased morbidity and mortality, and significant global healthcare costs [1]. The long-term vascular complications associated with Type 1 diabetes primarily contribute to these outcomes. While clinical manifestations of vascular complications typically emerge later in life, many adolescents with Type 1 diabetes already exhibit one or more risk factors and early subclinical signs of vascular damage [2, 3] (Figure 1).  \nIntensive diabetes management strategies and screening programs tailored to the developmental needs of youth can prevent or delay the onset of complications [4] .  \nThis review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology and risk factors associated with vascular complications in young people with Type 1 diabetes. It highlights the critical importance of screening for the early detection of  \nthese complications and related risk factors. Additionally, the review emphasizes the importance of early prevention strategies and the implementation of effective treatment approaches to mitigate long-term health impacts.  \nThe review is based on evidence published primarily in the last 15 years.  \n2. Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes and its Complications  \nAccording to the latest published data, as of 2025, an estimated 9.5 million people were living with Type ","cbCaisHK8lG2ZztY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisHK8lG2ZztY","pdf",1033627,14,"English","# Introduction\n# Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes and its Complications","[{\"question\":\"Why are vascular complications important in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes?\",\"answer\":\"Vascular morbidity and mortality are strongly linked to vascular complications. Even though overt disease may occur later, adolescents can already show risk factors and early subclinical vascular damage.\"},{\"question\":\"What risk factors are highlighted for developing vascular complications?\",\"answer\":\"Key exposures include hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity with insulin resistance, smoking and lifestyle factors, socioeconomic influences, and genetic or familial factors.\"},{\"question\":\"How can complications be prevented or delayed in youth?\",\"answer\":\"The review emphasizes intensive diabetes management and targeted screening to delay or halt progression. Prevention focuses on achieving optimal glycemic targets, addressing cardiometabolic risk factors, and implementing early screening programs.\"}]","Preventing and Managing Vascular Complications in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes - Review Article - Prevention and management strategies | PDF",1790683690,35]