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Participants designed STEM activities at the end of a 14-week training period and achieved an adequate activity design level. The 14-week program positively influenced their attitudes toward STEM, while the study notes the need for longer periods to further develop attitudes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/preschool-teacher-candidates-ability-to-design-stem-focused-activities-and-attitudes-towards-stem/593110/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/preschool-teacher-candidates-ability-to-design-stem-focused-activities-and-attitudes-towards-stem/593110.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aran","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the study’s main aim?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To determine preschool teacher candidates’ ability to design STEM-focused activities and to examine their attitudes towards STEM after training.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the research conducted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study used a case study design with 35 preschool teacher candidates in the 3rd grade of the Preschool Education program.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What effect did the 14-week STEM education have?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The candidates were able to design STEM activities at a sufficient level, and the training had a positive effect on their attitudes towards STEM.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},593110,1792160918,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},137455076865,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Preschool Teacher Candidates’ Ability to Design STEMFocused Activities and Attitudes towards STEM  \nByNeslihan Ültay *  \nThis study aimed to determine preschool teacher candidates’ ability to design Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)-focused activities and their attitudes towards STEM. The research method of the study was determined as a case study. The study was carried out with 35 preschool teacher candidates in the 3rd grade of the Preschool Education program. In the study, it was seen that the preschool teacher candidates had prepared the STEM activities at the end of the 14-week STEM education given to them, and they were able to design a sufficient level of activity. In addition, it is seen that the 14-week training provided has a positive effect on their attitudes towards STEM.  \nHowever, this period is not sufficient to develop attitudes. Therefore, it can be suggested to examine attitudes towards STEM in longer periods.  \nKeywords: ability to design STEM-focused activities, attitude towards STEM, preschool teacher candidates, STEM-focused activity, STEM education  \nIntroduction  \nThe emergence of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education was born out of the necessity of raising individuals with interdisciplinary perspectives, scientific and technology literate and 21st century skills. STEM education, which first appeared in the US, later became popular in many countries’educational reform programs. Turkey also has paid attention to the STEM education, STEM is not added directly to the education system (because it would require very radical changes), and it begins to be carried out with STEM activities with teachers’ efforts. Designing a product especially in preschool education is considered the best way to integrate STEM into education (Çil, 2019) . However, according to some researchers, STEM is not a chain of activities, but a teachinglearning mentality (Reighard, Torres-Crespo, & Vogel, 2016).  \nWhen STEM first appeared, it was intended for primary and secondary school students, and the focus was on students of this age group. However, it was later realized that it is actually a learning approach that can be used for preschool children. Because the focus of STEM is the children’s creativity, asking questions, researching, and creating solutions for a problem from daily life in cooperation. Since these features are the skills and abilities that preschool children naturally possess, STEM’s preschool applicability has come to the agenda (Chesloff, 2013;Ültay & Ültay, 2020) . Preschool children are curious about events around them like natural scientists, they have personality like researchers, they learn concretely,  \n*  \nAssociate Professor, Department of Preschool Education, Education Faculty, Giresun University, Turkey.  \nand have tendency to group work. These are some of the features required to conduct STEM-focused activities (Aldemir & Kermani, 2017).  \nThe applicability of STEM education in preschool period has been highly criticized by some researchers. The reasons for this may be that preschool teachers have not received adequate training on this subject (Whitebook & Ryan, 2011), preschool education program is not suitable for implementing STEM and preschool children are not suitable for STEM education (Atiles, Jones, & Anderson, 2013). However, many learning activities performed in preschool education program overlap with STEM activities (Aldemir & Kermani, 2017). For example, designing and producing a bird house together to protect birds from cold weather is an activity that is naturally present in the programs of preschool children and is implemented in almost all countries, and this activity can be considered as an activity in accordance with STEM (Ültay & Ültay, 2020) . In addition, preschool education of universities in Turkey, although there is no direct course related to STEM education in undergraduate programs, through some elective courses, this shortcom","cbCaiig7xOwxcNWI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiig7xOwxcNWI","pdf",224952,17,"English","# Introduction\n## Purpose of the study\n## STEM education background and preschool relevance\n## Criteria for STEM-focused activities\n## Prior research on attitudes toward STEM","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main aim?\",\"answer\":\"To determine preschool teacher candidates’ ability to design STEM-focused activities and to examine their attitudes towards STEM after training.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research conducted?\",\"answer\":\"The study used a case study design with 35 preschool teacher candidates in the 3rd grade of the Preschool Education program.\"},{\"question\":\"What effect did the 14-week STEM education have?\",\"answer\":\"The candidates were able to design STEM activities at a sufficient level, and the training had a positive effect on their attitudes towards STEM.\"}]","Preschool Teacher Candidates’ Ability to Design STEM-Focused Activities and Attitudes towards STEM | PDF",1792076620,43]