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This study prepared chalaza-derived glycopeptides (CHAH) and evaluated their N-glycan profiles and skin-whitening effects. Dual-enzyme hydrolysis was optimized by sequential trypsin and papain treatment, yielding high hydrolysis yield and strong antioxidant activity. CHAH downregulated MITF, TYR, TYRP1, and TYRP2, reducing tyrosinase activity and melanin production in vitro and in vivo, supporting industrial skincare use.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/preparation-and-whitening-activity-of-sialoglycopeptide-of-chalaza-from-liquid-egg-process-article/465970/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/preparation-and-whitening-activity-of-sialoglycopeptide-of-chalaza-from-liquid-egg-process-article/465970.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Melati","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-07","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What byproduct and key composition does this study focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focuses on chalaza (CHA) from liquid egg processing, which is rich in sialic acid and contains over 85% protein.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was CHAH prepared to maximize hydrolysis efficiency?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"CHAH was produced using a dual-enzyme strategy: an initial 1.5% trypsin hydrolysis for 3 hours, followed by 1% papain for 2 hours.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How was the whitening effect of CHAH evaluated?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Whitening effects were assessed using an in vitro B16 cell model and an in vivo zebrafish model by measuring tyrosinase activity and melanin production.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},465970,1791159588,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962085570644,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Article  \nPreparation and Whitening Activity of Sialoglycopeptide of Chalaza from Liquid Egg Process  \nYanzhao Ma 1, Ziyi Jiang 1, Xinyi Jin 1, Jianrong Wu 1, * and Minjie Gao 1,2  \nAcademic Editor: Toshio Morikawa  \nReceived: 13 November 2025  \nRevised: 12 December 2025  \nAccepted: 19 December 2025  \nPublished: 23 December 2025  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.  \n1 Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; [myz001118@163.com](myz001118@163.com) (Y.M.); [jmgaoz@jiangnan.edu.cn](jmgaoz@jiangnan.edu.cn) (M.G.)  \n2 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China  \n* Correspondence: [kinowu@jiangnan.edu.cn](kinowu@jiangnan.edu.cn)  \nAbstract  \nThe liquid egg processing industry generates a significant amount of solid byproduct known as chalaza (CHA), which is rich in sialic acid and exhibits notable biological activity. In this study, the preparation process, N-glycan profile, and skin-whitening activity of CHAderived glycopeptides (CHAH) were investigated. By comparing the hydrolysis efficiency of trypsin, alcalase, and papain, a dual-enzyme hydrolysis strategy was developed: initial hydrolysis with 1.5% trypsin for 3 h, followed by treatment with 1% papain for 2 h. The resulting CHAH exhibited both a high hydrolysis yield and strong antioxidant activity. The sialic acid content in CHAH reached 1.96%(w /w), and 14 distinct N-glycan chain structures were identified. The whitening effect of CHAH was assessed using a combined approach involving an in vitro B16 cell model and an in vivo zebrafish model. CHAH was found to inhibit tyrosinase activity and reduce melanin production in a concentration-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies revealed that CHAH acts by significantly downregulating the expression of key genes involved in melanin synthesis, including MITF, TYR, TYRP1, and TYRP2 . This study establishes an efficient preparation method for CHAH, elucidates its skin-whitening efficacy and underlying mechanism, and provides experimental support for the potential industrial application of CHAH as an active ingredient in skincare products.  \nKeywords: chalaza; sialoglycopeptide; whitening activity; melanin synthesis; tyrosinase activity  \n1. Introduction  \nMelanin is a naturally occurring biological pigment ubiquitously distributed in living organisms. Its primary physiological function is to protect the skin from ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced damage by absorbing and scattering UV rays, thereby mitigating oxidative damage to skin cell DNA [1] . However, dysregulation of the melanin biosynthetic pathway, which results in melanin overproduction and aberrant deposition, can be a precursor to various pathological conditions. Clinically, this is observed in hyperpigmentation disorders including senile lentigines and melasma, and in malignant melanoma [2] . In the nervous system, the aberrant accumulation of melanin has also been linked to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD) . This association may be mediated through mechanisms such as the induction of oxidative stress in neuronal cells [3] . Therefore, targeted regulation of melanogenesis has emerged as one of the key strategies for the clinical management of hyperpigmentation disorders [4] .  \nStudies have demonstrated that the Microphthalmia-associated Transcription Factor (MITF) regulates the expression of the tyrosinase-related protein family, primarily consisting of tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TYRP2) . These three key enzymes collectively constitute a multi-enzyme complex [5] . In melanoma cells (B16 murine melanoma cell line), TYR is co-expressed with T","cbCaid052dnQKuW3","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaid052dnQKuW3","pdf",4162322,21,"English","# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What byproduct and key composition does this study focus on?\",\"answer\":\"The study focuses on chalaza (CHA) from liquid egg processing, which is rich in sialic acid and contains over 85% protein.\"},{\"question\":\"How was CHAH prepared to maximize hydrolysis efficiency?\",\"answer\":\"CHAH was produced using a dual-enzyme strategy: an initial 1.5% trypsin hydrolysis for 3 hours, followed by 1% papain for 2 hours.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the whitening effect of CHAH evaluated?\",\"answer\":\"Whitening effects were assessed using an in vitro B16 cell model and an in vivo zebrafish model by measuring tyrosinase activity and melanin production.\"}]","Preparation and Whitening Activity of Sialoglycopeptide of Chalaza from Liquid Egg Process - Article | PDF",1790770349,53]