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Using 1,335 U.S. participants in MESA enrolled in 2000–02 and repeated cognition scores at Exams 5, 6, and 7, CR was estimated from random slopes of global cognition. Neuroimaging biomarkers were assessed at Exam 6. Education and family income predicted higher CR, while depressive symptoms and higher waist girth predicted lower CR over a decade.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/predictors-of-cognitive-resilience-in-the-multi-ethnic-study-of-atherosclerosis-abstract/426645/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/predictors-of-cognitive-resilience-in-the-multi-ethnic-study-of-atherosclerosis-abstract/426645.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Muffet","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-08","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is cognitive resilience (CR) in this study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"CR is defined as better-than-expected cognition despite neuropathology, quantified using random slopes of global cognition relative to expected decline.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which data and time points were used to estimate CR and its predictors?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Participants (n=1,335) from MESA (2000–02) had repeated global cognition z-scores at Exams 5 (2010–12), 6 (2016–18), and 7 (2022–24). Neuroimaging biomarkers were assessed at Exam 6, and social/health risk factors at Exam 1 were tested for long-term prediction of CR.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors were independently associated with higher or lower CR?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Higher CR was independently associated with educational attainment and family income. Lower CR was independently associated with more depressive symptoms and higher waist girth.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},426645,1790792328,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":8,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":81},962090768927,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","1286 Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2  \nAbstract citation ID: igaf122.4288  \nPREDICTORS OF COGNITIVE RESILIENCE IN THE  \nMULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS  \nLeidys Gutierrez-Martinez1, Maude Wagner2,  \nHodan Mohamed1, Timothy Hughes3, Timothy Hohman4, Rachel F. Buckley5, M. Maria Glymour1, and Marcia Pescador Jimenez1, 1. Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 2. Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States, 3. Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, 4. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 5. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States  \nModifiable predictors of cognitive resilience (CR)—maintaining better-than-expected cognition despite neuropathology—may inform dementia prevention strategies. We quantified CR and identified main predictors in a U.S.-based multi-ethnic cohort.  \nWe used data from 1,335 individuals enrolled in 2000-02 (Exam-1; age=45-84) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) with repeated global cognition scores (z-scores of Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument, Digit Symbol Coding, Digit Span) administered at Exams 5 (2010-12), 6 (2016-18), and 7 (2022-24). Neuroimaging biomarkers assessed at Exam 6, included white matter fractional anisotropy, white matter hyperintensities, and total brain volume, adjusted for intracranial volume. First, using linear mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, we estimated CR as random slopes of global cognition, capturing individual deviations from expected cognitive decline given a specific neuroimaging profile. CR estimates were z-scored; positive values indicated better CR. Second, using general linear models, we assessed whether modifiable social and health-related risk factors at Exam 1 predicted CR a decade later.  \nEach predictor’s contribution to CR was assessed by percentage change in R-square by comparing fully-adjusted vs. reduced-models.  \nAt first neurocognitive assessment, study participants averaged 66 years old (SD=8) and 46% were male. In fully-adjusted models, educational attainment (β=0.19;95% CI=0.11,0.27) and family income (β=0.12;95%CI=0.07,0.18) were independently associated with higher CR. More depressive symptoms and higher waist girth were independently associated with lower CR (β=-0.01;95% CI=-0.02,-0.01; β=-0.01;95% CI=-0.02,-0.01, respectively) .  \nEducation and income were main contributors to CR (%R-squared Change=39% and 22%, respectively) . Early favorable social (education, income) and health factors (depressive symptoms, waist girth) may promote CR decades later.","cbCaimkM9krkoZmO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimkM9krkoZmO","pdf",1135158,"English","# Abstract","[{\"question\":\"What is cognitive resilience (CR) in this study?\",\"answer\":\"CR is defined as better-than-expected cognition despite neuropathology, quantified using random slopes of global cognition relative to expected decline.\"},{\"question\":\"Which data and time points were used to estimate CR and its predictors?\",\"answer\":\"Participants (n=1,335) from MESA (2000–02) had repeated global cognition z-scores at Exams 5 (2010–12), 6 (2016–18), and 7 (2022–24). Neuroimaging biomarkers were assessed at Exam 6, and social/health risk factors at Exam 1 were tested for long-term prediction of CR.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors were independently associated with higher or lower CR?\",\"answer\":\"Higher CR was independently associated with educational attainment and family income. Lower CR was independently associated with more depressive symptoms and higher waist girth.\"}]","PREDICTORS OF COGNITIVE RESILIENCE IN THE MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS - Abstract | PDF",1790641272]