[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-127389-en":3,"doc-seo-127389-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":11,"language":21,"language_code":22,"site_id":23,"html_lang":22,"table_of_contents":24,"faqs":25,"seo_title":26,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},127389,962085571259,"Theodora","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",8,"Research & Report","Prediction of Postpartum Depression in Zacatecas Mexico - A Machine Learning Approach","Prediction of postpartum depression (PPD) in Zacatecas, Mexico using supervised machine learning models based on sociodemographic and medical variables from a dataset of 100 mothers previously classified with the Edinburgh Test. The study evaluates eight algorithms, including adaptive boosting (ABC), PCA-based boosting, decision trees, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machines, random forests, and boosting variants. Results indicate that the ABC-based model achieves strong performance, with precision and recall near 90%, an F1-score around 78%, and AUC values in the mid-70s.","Prediction of postpartum depression in Zacatecas Mexico using  \na machine learning approach  \nLopez-Veyna J. Ivan1, Ortiz-Garcia Mariana1, Diaz-Diaz Alvaro Moises1, Bermejo-Sabbagh Carlos2  \n1Division of Graduate Studies and Research, National Technological Institute of Mexico Campus Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico 2Department of Systems and Computer, National Technological Institute of Mexico Campus Merida, Merida, Mexico  \nArticle history:  \nReceived Nov 5, 2024 Revised Aug 13, 2025 Accepted Sep 1, 2025  \nKeywords:  \nClassification Machine learning Postpartum depression Prediction  \nPregnancy  \nCorresponding Author:  \nPostpartum depression (PPD) is a silent disorder, difficult to detect by themother who suffers from it. In this research project, we propose a classification model of PPD using machine learning (ML) techniques, following a supervised learning approach. This is model allows the prediction of PPD using sociodemographic and medical data through adataset of 100 Zacatecan mothers previously classified with the result of Edinburgh Test. We use eight ML algorithms such as adaptative boosting classified (ABC), principal component analysis (PCA) boosting, decision trees (DT), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machines (SVM), random forests (RF), and boosting. Our results show that the proposed ML model based on ABC algorithm can outperform other classifiers yielding a precision of 90%, a recall of 90%, a F1-score of 78% and 74% for area under curve (AUC), illustrating a correct capability in the prediction of this disorder.  \nThis is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.  \nOrtiz-Garcia Mariana  \nDivision of Graduate Studies and Research, National Technological Institute of Mexico Campus Zacatecas Carr. Panamericana Km. 7 La Escondida, Zacatecas, Mexico  \n[Email: mariana.ortiz@zacatecas.tecnm.mx](Email: mariana.ortiz@zacatecas.tecnm.mx)  \nArticle Info ABSTRACT  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nAccording to the World Health Organization, depression affects more than 300 million people in the world [1] . By 2030 it will be the second cause of the decrease in years of healthy life worldwide and the first in developed countries. The results of the National Mental Health Survey in 2018 revealed that 18% of the urban population of productive age (15-64 years of age) suffer from some mood disorder such as anxiety, depression or phobia [2] conforming to the DSM-IV, perinatal depression or postpartum depression (PPD) is like an episode of major depression [3] . In Mexico it is observed that between 12 and 14% of pregnant women have depression [4] . PPD is a disorder that affects the physical and mental state of the mother. Women with PPD have feelings of sadness, anxiety and fatigue, which makes it difficult for them to carry out the daily activities of caring for themselves and for other people [5] . This disorder is a silent disorder, difficult to detect by the mother who suffers it. A mother who has suffered PPD has between 10% and 50% higher risk to have again this disorder during a new pregnancy [6] .  \nIn the study \"Maternal depressive symptomatology in Mexico: national prevalence, care and population risk profiles\", headed by Dr. Filipa de Castro, researcher at the Center for Population Health Research (CISP) of the National Institute of Public Health (INSP) [7], reported that, the distribution of PPDin the state of Zacatecas has reached 20% . Also, Mendez-Cerezo in [8] reports that in Mexico, exists an incidence of 13% of PPD, and this percentage is incremented until 22.5% in the fourth weeks of puerperal.  \nThe problem of PPD has been approached in a traditionally way from the psychological point of view using the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS), suggested in 1987 by Cox et al. [9] EPDS is the most widely used screening questionnaire for PPD. It incorporates a 10‐item self‐report questionnaire, women are asked to rate how they have felt in the previous 7 days. The score of each one of the questions is 0–3","cbCaicNx3Hugah4k","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicNx3Hugah4k","pdf",382058,1,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Related Work\n# Methodology\n# Results\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What is the main goal of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To predict postpartum depression in Zacatecas, Mexico by building a supervised classification model using machine learning.\"},{\"question\":\"What data and labeling source are used?\",\"answer\":\"The model uses sociodemographic and medical data from 100 Zacatecan mothers labeled using the Edinburgh Test.\"},{\"question\":\"Which machine learning algorithms are evaluated and what best performs?\",\"answer\":\"Eight algorithms are tested, including ABC, PCA boosting, decision trees, KNN, SVM, and random forests; the ABC-based approach delivers the best overall results with precision and recall around 90%.\"}]","Prediction of Postpartum Depression in Zacatecas Mexico - A Machine Learning Approach | PDF",1785938631,20,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":23,"language":22,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":27},"prediction-of-postpartum-depression-in-zacatecas-mexico-a-machine-learning-approach","",{"@graph":35,"@context":85},[36,53,68],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/prediction-of-postpartum-depression-in-zacatecas-mexico-a-machine-learning-approach/127389/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":22,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":40,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-22","2026-08-05",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What is the main goal of the study?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"To predict postpartum depression in Zacatecas, Mexico by building a supervised classification model using machine learning.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"What data and labeling source are used?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"The model uses sociodemographic and medical data from 100 Zacatecan mothers labeled using the Edinburgh Test.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"Which machine learning algorithms are evaluated and what best performs?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Eight algorithms are tested, including ABC, PCA boosting, decision trees, KNN, SVM, and random forests; the ABC-based approach delivers the best overall results with precision and recall around 90%.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":23},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,127,130,134],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":28,"slug":126},9,"Religion & Spirituality","religion-spirituality",{"id":28,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":28,"slug":129},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":133},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]