[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-381188-105":59,"doc-detail-381188-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","predicting-the-abscopal-effect-tumor-histologic-subtypes-and-biomarkers","Predicting the Abscopal Effect - tumor histologic subtypes and biomarkers","","Radiotherapy can trigger regression of tumors at distant, non-irradiated sites, a response termed the abscopal effect. With expanding use of immunotherapy alongside radiotherapy, incidence of abscopal responses has increased, yet mechanisms and reliable predictors remain incompletely defined. This review synthesizes evidence for tumor histologic subtypes and clinically useful biomarkers, including post-radiotherapy absolute lymphocyte count, neoantigens, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and NK cells.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/predicting-the-abscopal-effect-tumor-histologic-subtypes-and-biomarkers/381188/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/predicting-the-abscopal-effect-tumor-histologic-subtypes-and-biomarkers/381188.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Genevieve","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the abscopal effect in cancer treatment?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It is regression of distant, non-irradiated tumor sites following primary irradiation to a specific site, described as occurring away from the treated volume but within the same organism.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why has the abscopal effect become more clinically relevant?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Its incidence has risen as immunotherapy has been integrated with radiotherapy across many cancers, increasing the likelihood of systemic immune responses beyond the local lesion.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which biomarkers are highlighted as useful for predicting patients likely to benefit?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review emphasizes factors such as high post-radiotherapy absolute lymphocyte count, neoantigens, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and NK cells.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},381188,1790722233,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},1374391974585,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Predicting the Abscopal Effect: Associated Tumor Histologic Subtypes and Biomarkers  \nBlessie Elizabeth Nelson1, Jacob J. Adashek2, Aakash Akshay Sheth3, and Vivek Subbiah1  \n◥  \nRadiotherapy is a pillar of cancer treatment, which has historically been used primarily to treat localized disease with curative intent. With the increasing role of radiotherapy for metastatic disease and rapid integration of immunotherapy into the standard of care for various cancers, it has been observed that local radiation to one malignant site can lead to shrinkage of tumors at other sites, a phenomenon termed the “abscopal effect.” Historically, there was little mechanistic elucidation as to how this phenomenon occurs. However, multiple groups have recently identified associated immuno-prognostic factors, such as high post-radiotherapy  \nabsolute lymphocyte count, neoantigens, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and NK cells. The concomitant use ofimmunotherapywith radiotherapy has been documented to induce the abscopal effect. As immunotherapies continue to be incorporated into most cancer treatment approaches, understanding which patients are more likely to benefit from an abscopal effect may allow for optimization of both systemic and radiotherapeutic strategies. This review highlights the tumor histologic subtypes and biomarkers of the greatest utility for the recognition and identification of patients likely to benefit from the abscopal effect.  \nIntroduction  \nR.H. Mole devised the word “abscopal”(“ab” -away from; “scopus”-target) in 1953 to describe radiation effects “at a distance from theirradiated volume but within the same organism” (1) . Historically deemed a rare, dramatic, and unexpected clinical phenomenon, theabscopal effect (AE) is defined as regression of distant nontreated sites following primary irradiation to a specific site. However, with the advent of immunotherapy synergizing with targeted radiotherapy (RT), the incidence of AEs has sharply risen. Mechanistically, it has been demonstrated that radiation induces cellular damage, resulting in the exposure of tumor antigens, which in turn stimulates the release of inflammatory cytokines. Downstream, this leads to suppression of regulatory T-cell (Treg) activity and promotion of PD-L1 expression, thereby turning the irradiated lesion into an “in situ vaccine” (2) . Essentially, when combined with immunotherapy, radiation, via antigen exposure, provides a connection between innate and adaptive immunity, thus enhancing the immune elimination of tumor cells. What was once regarded as an isolated, sporadic phenomenon is now under consideration for prospective clinical evaluation. Furthermore, active investigation into the role of neoantigens, damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules NK cells, lymphocytes, and cytokines as biomarkers and related molecular  \n1Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. 2Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. 3Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.  \nCorresponding Author: Vivek Subbiah, Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 . E-mail:  \n[vsubbiah@mdanderson.org](vsubbiah@mdanderson.org)[ ](vsubbiah@mdanderson.org)[Mol Cancer Ther 2023](Mol Cancer Ther 2023);[22:706](22:706)–[16](16)  \n[doi:](doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-22-0516)[ 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-22-0516](doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-22-0516)  \nThis open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4 . 0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4 . 0) license.  \n􀀁2023The Authors;Published by the American Association for Cancer Research  \nmechanisms associated with abscopal effect is underway and will be explored in this review.  \nIt is well esta","cbCaira4HRBL41k7","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaira4HRBL41k7","pdf",1266417,11,"English","# Introduction\n## Mechanistic basis of the abscopal effect\n## Immunotherapy-radiotherapy synergy and immune activation\n# Tumor Histologic Subtypes Associated with Abscopal Effects\n## Tumor immunogenicity and incidence patterns","[{\"question\":\"What is the abscopal effect in cancer treatment?\",\"answer\":\"It is regression of distant, non-irradiated tumor sites following primary irradiation to a specific site, described as occurring away from the treated volume but within the same organism.\"},{\"question\":\"Why has the abscopal effect become more clinically relevant?\",\"answer\":\"Its incidence has risen as immunotherapy has been integrated with radiotherapy across many cancers, increasing the likelihood of systemic immune responses beyond the local lesion.\"},{\"question\":\"Which biomarkers are highlighted as useful for predicting patients likely to benefit?\",\"answer\":\"The review emphasizes factors such as high post-radiotherapy absolute lymphocyte count, neoantigens, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and NK cells.\"}]","Predicting the Abscopal Effect - tumor histologic subtypes and biomarkers | PDF",1790244057,28]