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Rising demand for gluten-free and lactose-free foods is often linked to gut symptoms, yet products are not always formulated to be low in FODMAP. This study evaluates the FODMAP content of industrial pre-packaged products in a Portuguese retail chain, classifying items as low, high, or unknown using Monash University App cutoffs, then analyzes results with descriptive statistics and Pearson χ2 tests.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/pre-packaged-food-targeted-to-gastrointestinal-pathologies-are-they-low-in-fodmap/438980/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/pre-packaged-food-targeted-to-gastrointestinal-pathologies-are-they-low-in-fodmap/438980.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Riley","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-09","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the study’s main objective?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To estimate the FODMAP content of industrial pre-packaged foods carrying “gluten-free” and/or “lactose-free” claims.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were products classified as low or high FODMAP?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Ingredient lists from a Portuguese food retail chain were verified and classified using FODMAP cutoff values and serving sizes from the Monash University App.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do the results show about FODMAP levels in these foods?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"About one quarter of the eligible pre-packaged industrial foods targeted to gastrointestinal pathologies were classified as high in FODMAP.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},438980,1791312468,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1374391975076,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253ca4ec9f6853?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1783305029341752051","British Journal of Nutrition  \n[cambridge.org/bjn](cambridge.org/bjn)  \nHorizons in Nutritional Science  \nCite this article: Barreirinhas S, Almeida C, Casal S, and Padrão P (2025) Pre-packaged food targeted to gastrointestinal pathologies:  \nare they low in FODMAP? British Journal of Nutrition 134: 727–732 . doi: 10. 1017/ S000711452510528X  \nReceived: 28 January 2025  \nRevised: 13 August 2025  \nAccepted: 4 September 2025  \nFirst published online: 9 October 2025  \nKeywords:  \nCarbohydrates; FODMAP diet; Food composition; Irritable bowel syndrome; Functional food  \nAbbreviations:  \nFODMAP, fermentable carbohydrates, oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols; GI, gastrointestinal; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome  \nCorresponding author:  \nPatrícia Padrão;  \nEmail: [patriciapadrao@fcna.up.pt](patriciapadrao@fcna.up.pt)  \n© The Author(s), 2025 . Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.  \nPre-packaged food targeted to gastrointestinal pathologies: are they low in FODMAP?  \n\n| Sara Barreirinhas1,2 Patrícia Padrão1,3,4 | , Carla Almeida1,3,4, Susana Casal5 |  and |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n1Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; 2Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; 3EPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; 4Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal and 5LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidadedo Porto, Porto, Portugal  \nAbstract  \nA diet low in fermentable carbohydrates, oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP) has been described as an effective nutritional approach in irritable bowel syndrome. There has been an increased demand for gluten-and lactose-free foodstuffs in the last few years, which are associated with gastrointestinal symptoms and are consumed by patients with gastrointestinal disease. This study aims to estimate the FODMAP content of industrial pre-packaged food products containing the ‘gluten-free’ and ‘lactose-free’ claims. The ingredient lists of the foodstuffs from a Portuguese food retail chain were verified and classified according to their estimated FODMAP content as ‘low’ and ‘high’, using as a reference the FODMAP cutoff values and the serving sizes established by the Monash University App. Descriptive statistics and the Pearson χ2 test were applied. From the 436 eligible products identified, most were classified as ‘low’ (53·0%, n 231), 24·3%(n 106) were classified as ‘high’and 22·7%(n 99) were classified as having ‘unknown’ FODMAP content. ‘High FODMAP’products accounted for 12·2 % of those with ‘lactose-free’ claims and 31·6 % of those with‘gluten-free’ claims. The ‘ready meals’ and ‘sauces, dressings, creams and soups’ were the food categories with the highest proportion of products with high FODMAP sources. This study showed that approximately a quarter of pre-packaged industrial foods targeted to gastrointestinal pathologies are high in FODMAP. The nutritional information on the label should be more specific, enabling more accurate dosing ofFODMAP contents in foodstuffs and the establishment of the recommended serving sizes.  \nIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is recognised as a gut–brain interaction disorder, and its incidence has been increasing in recent years(1,2) . IBS is characterised by a set of gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-intestinal signs and symptoms that are often debilitating and negatively affect the quality of life(3,4) .  \nA diet low in fermentable carbohydr","cbCain6g7yvORYp3","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCain6g7yvORYp3","pdf",402806,"English","# Abstract\n## Study aim and methods\n## Key findings and implications","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main objective?\",\"answer\":\"To estimate the FODMAP content of industrial pre-packaged foods carrying “gluten-free” and/or “lactose-free” claims.\"},{\"question\":\"How were products classified as low or high FODMAP?\",\"answer\":\"Ingredient lists from a Portuguese food retail chain were verified and classified using FODMAP cutoff values and serving sizes from the Monash University App.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the results show about FODMAP levels in these foods?\",\"answer\":\"About one quarter of the eligible pre-packaged industrial foods targeted to gastrointestinal pathologies were classified as high in FODMAP.\"}]","Pre-packaged food targeted to gastrointestinal pathologies - are they low in FODMAP? | PDF",1790687076,15]