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The preface explains how the French system, driven by extensive light and bell-glass equipment, can enable English producers and consumers to profit from winter vegetable growth. It summarizes the recent history of adoption in England, highlights instructional use by schools and councils, and cites financial examples from established gardens. Chapter I introduces French and English gardeners and argues that small French gardens, not large ones, succeed through labor, climate suitability, and controlled protection.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/practical-manual-of-french-gardening-chapter-1-french-and-english-gardeners/449827/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/practical-manual-of-french-gardening-chapter-1-french-and-english-gardeners/449827.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"WPS_1790064749","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the French system of market-gardening, as presented in the preface?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It is an intensive cultivation approach aimed at producing early vegetables using systematic enrichment of soil and controlled growing protection, enabling winter and early-season results.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why does the book argue that large French gardens are a mistake?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It states that small gardens demand enormous, careful labor and attention, leaving no practical case for large-scale operations under the method described.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the manual address climate differences between France and England?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It claims early cultivation in England has been shown to work despite earlier doubts, noting that some English districts have conditions at least as favorable as Paris for maintaining young plants through winter.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},449827,1790820469,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},3985747859154,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","S1         N  \nCLOCHES or  \nBELL-GLASSES  \nFOR FRENCHGARDENING  \n14Inehs.  10Inches.I8 Inche.20 Inches in Dinmeter.  \n120/-140/-150/-180/-PER 100  \nIn Cases of 30,50,IO0,2008300.  \nFree on Rail London,not liable for breakage intransit.Package Free.Cash with order.  \nTHE FRENCH CLOCHE CO.,  \n16,Bengeworth,EVESHAM.  \n√.M.   C  \nCloches with one cos and four cabbage lettuce under each.(10,000-cloches in all.)  \nTHE  \nFRENCH GARDEN  \nA Diary and Manual of IntensiveCultivation.  \nBy C.D.McKAY,F.R.H.S.  \nPUBLISHED BYTHE\"DAILY MAIL,\"  \nThe Journal for those interested in Modern Gardening.  \n“DAILY MAIL,”  \nThe Journal for thoseInterested in ModernGardening.  \nPREFACE,  \nThe interest which the French system of market-gardeninghas aroused in England,and the likelihood of a rapid increasein this closest of all forms of cultivation,have made urgentthe publication of /a practical treatise which shall beauthentic and simple.If the system is properly understoodand wisely developed,English consumers—to the greatadvantage of the nation—will give into the hands of Englishproducers the tens of thousands of pounds which are nowpaid for the produce of the gardens of Paris and ofHolland.  \nThe history of the French market-garden in England goesback only three years.Since then two gardens have beenstarted at Evesham,one in Essex,one in Surrey,and one inBerkshire.The reformatory schools are using the systemfor purposes of instruction,and some of the county councilsare following their lead.Since the subject was ventilated inthe\"Daily Mail\"in the spring of this year,many hundredsof private people have turned their attention to the possibilitiesof intensive cultivation,and,though the outlay is great,even the cottagers in many villages are beginning to experi-ment with a frame or two and some bell-glasses.  \nWhat gardens have already been attempted in England haveproved very successful,especially the first and most ambitious,started in I905 by Mr.Idiens,and now carried on byMr.Harvey.His plot,which is equipped with 2,000 lightsand 4,000 bell-glasses,has produced a gross revenue of over£6oo an acre.Some few particulars,for which the author isindebted to the kindness of Mr.Harvey,will show how thisgreat sum is made up.From 6oo lights Mr.Harvey cutiii.▲2  \n2r,6oo lettuce,at an average of 2s.per dozen.Out of samelights,2,400 cauliflower,at an average of 4s.per dozen,and,again from the same lights,2,400 dozen turnips and 5,000dozen bunches of carrots at 6d.per dozen;three melons fromeach light,occupied with them,at 2s.6d.each.Of the Coslettuce,which fetch 3d.to 6d.each,he will have severalthousand this year.Were the capital outlay and the laboureven greater than they are,such a result would be worthconsideration.  \nTo-day,when the work of keeping more people on theland has become an urgent national obligation,the Frenchmethod should compel attention from all classes.It willcertainly become one of the methods to which the better-educated classes,who have a small capital and wish to makea comfortable living,may profitably devote their energies.  \nNo handbook of the French system exists in England.The gap is now filled by Mr.C.D.McKay,through whoseefforts—inspired by a close knowledge of the wonderfulgardens round Paris—a body of Evesham gardeners werefirst taken to France.There they saw with their own eyeshow the most delicate of green vegetables could be grownin the winter months,and how,by systematic enrichmentof the soil and long-elaborated methods,a little allotmentmay return a man and his family a good living.  \nMr.McKay's treatise is full of hints for gardeners ofall sorts,but its special value lies in the double fact that heis the introducer of the system into England,and one ofthe few British men who have discovered what may becalled the botanical secrets long and carefully protected bythe market-gardeners of Paris.W.BEACH THOMAS.  \n# PRACTICAL MANUAL OFFRENCH GARDENING.\n\nCHAPTER I.—FRENCH AND ENGLISHGARDENERS.  \nSeeing that the French garden is now re","cbCain4LryexvHf5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCain4LryexvHf5","pdf",3148904,88,"English","# PRACTICAL MANUAL OF FRENCH GARDENING\n## Chapter I - French and English Gardeners","[{\"question\":\"What is the French system of market-gardening, as presented in the preface?\",\"answer\":\"It is an intensive cultivation approach aimed at producing early vegetables using systematic enrichment of soil and controlled growing protection, enabling winter and early-season results.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the book argue that large French gardens are a mistake?\",\"answer\":\"It states that small gardens demand enormous, careful labor and attention, leaving no practical case for large-scale operations under the method described.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the manual address climate differences between France and England?\",\"answer\":\"It claims early cultivation in England has been shown to work despite earlier doubts, noting that some English districts have conditions at least as favorable as Paris for maintaining young plants through winter.\"}]","PRACTICAL MANUAL OF FRENCH GARDENING - Chapter 1 - French and English Gardeners | PDF",1790731164,222]