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The content includes wind and runway component reasoning, minimum landing distance determination under pressure height, slope and temperature, and baggage removal calculations to bring weight and center of gravity into limits. It also provides descent time/heading/distance/fuel estimates and en-route ETA and intercept heading computations using variation and drift.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/ppl-practice-exam-2-aircraft-performance-and-navigation-working-questions/389367/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/ppl-practice-exam-2-aircraft-performance-and-navigation-working-questions/389367.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Olivia Brown","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-10","2026-09-25",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How is the best runway selected for the least takeoff distance or greatest after-takeoff climb gradient?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Choose the runway with the greatest headwind component, which corresponds to the runway number closest to the wind direction. This increases the after-takeoff climb gradient in the working shown.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What determines the baggage weight to remove under the “CHARLIE” load system?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The calculation targets two limits: bringing the ZFW within the aft limit (based on CG difference) and reducing the aircraft to maximum takeoff weight. The final removal uses the greater of the two required weight reductions.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"In the descent planning question, how are time, distance, heading, and fuel obtained?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Compute descent distance from altitude differences, convert to time using the rate of descent, then calculate distance using the resulting ground speed (from wind and TAS). Heading is adjusted for drift, and fuel is estimated from the average fuel consumption during the descent time.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},389367,1790716859,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},16904993612988,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","© Copyright Avfacts 2022-All rights reserved. PPL practice exam 2/page 1.  \nPPL Exam 2 Working File.  \nWhere significant calculation/thinking is required.  \nQ20 . Given: W/V from ATIS is 240°/30 . Runways available are 02/20 and 08/26 .  \nThe runway (s) which offers the least takeoff distance required /greatest after takeoff climb gradient is ?  \nThinking:  \nThe runway with the greatest headwind component will also provide the greatest after takeoff climb gradient . Runway number that is closest to the wind direction will greatest HWC and climb gradient. In this case RWY 26.  \nQ23 . Given: W/V from ATIS is 320°/30 . Runways available are 36/18 and 08/26 .  \nWhich runway has the greatest headwind component for landing?  \nThinking:  \nAs for Q20 .  \nQ24 .  \nGiven the following details:  \n• Runway = 02/20  \n• Slope = 2% down to SW  \n• Pressure height = 4000 ft  \n• Wind = 230°M/20 kt  \n• Temperature = +30° C  \nThe minimum landing distance required (LDR) under the given conditions is closest to ?  \nMAX  \nOKAY  \nPA 4000’  \nCheck Climb Limit Weight  \nP/Ht 4000ft  \nSlope 2% DOWN Slope NIL  \nNil wind  \n17 kt HEAD  \n+ 30°C  \nINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OF ROB AVERY-PLEASE RESPECT THE COPYRIGHT.  \nStart HERE  \nAv31PPL exams post 2014/exams 2014 use/PPL exam2work 2022 Plane Logic 04032022  \n[robavery.com.au](robavery.com.au)  \n© Copyright Avfacts 2014-All rights reserved. PPL practice exam 2/page 2.  \nQ25 . Refer Load System “CHARLIE” in work booklet.  \nIf the aircraft is operated in the Normal category, and the fuel load is 118 litres, the amount of baggage that must be removed to bring the aircraft within operating limits is closest to ?  \nWORKING  \n\n| Station | Item | Arm | IU |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Basic Empty GW | 680 kg |  | 19323 |\n| Oil Quantity | 6 US quarts (5 kg) | — | 62 |\n| Row 1 | 160 kg | 2750 | 4400 |\n| Row 2 | 125 kg | 3600 | 4500 |\n| Aft baggage area | 90 kg | 4210 | 3789 |\n| ZFW Total | 1060 | 3026 | 32074 |\n| Plus Fuel Load | 85 | 2950 | 2508 |\n| At Takeoff | 1145 | 3020 | 34582 |\n\nPlotted on the Loading Envelope the ZFW and the Takeoff weight are outside the rear of the envelope, and the takeoff weight is over by 30 kg. The ZFW being the most adverse CG position being 22 mm aft of rear limit.  \nThe weight to be removed formula is:  \nAircraft Gross Weight x Diff in C of G Desired C of G-Arm of Loading  \n1145 kg x 22  25190  \nIn this case 3004-4210 = 1206 = 20.9 kg (Say 21 kg)  \n• So to bring the ZFW within the aft ZFW limit we need to reduce weight in baggage compartment by 21 kg.  \n• To bring the aircraft down to max takeoff weight we need to remove 30 kg.  \n• So reduce by the greater of these weights = 30 kg to remove.  \nFINAL CHECK  \n\n| Station | Item | Arm | IU |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Basic Empty GW | 680 kg |  | 19323 |\n| Oil Quantity | 6 US quarts (5 kg) | — | 62 |\n| Row 1 | 160 kg | 2750 | 4400 |\n| Row 2 | 125 kg | 3600 | 4500 |\n| Revised bags area | 60 kg | 4210 | 2526 |\n| ZFW Total | 1030 | 3028 | 30811 |\n| Plus Fuel Load | 85 | 2950 | 2508 |\n| At Takeoff | 1115 | 2988 | 33319 |\n\nINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OF ROB AVERY-PLEASE RESPECT THE COPYRIGHT .  \nAv31PPL exams post 2014/exams 2014 use/PPL exam2work 2022  \nPlane Logic  \n30122013  \n [robavery.com.au](robavery.com.au)   \n© Copyright Avfacts 2017-All rights reserved. PPL practice exam 2/page 3.  \nQ26 . An airplane descends to an airport given the following conditions:  \n• Cruising altitude 8500 ft  \n• Airport elevation 1500 ft  \n• Descend to 1500 ft above aerodrome level (AAL)  \n• Rate of descent 500 ft/min  \n• Average true airspeed 120 kt  \n• True course 105°T  \n• Average wind velocity 055°T at 20 kt  \n• Variation 10°E  \n• Average fuel consumption in descent 4.5 gal/hr  \nDetermine the approximate time, compass heading, distance, and fuel consumed during the descent.  \nMC  \n095°  \nTAS 120 kt  \nThinking/Working:  \n1. Descent distance is 5500 ft (i.e. 8500-(1500 +1500) .  \n2. At 500 fpm, this will take 11 minutes. Answer !  \n3. Mag course 095°/Mag wind 045°M@2","cbCaisJpYRZAtRqa","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisJpYRZAtRqa","pdf",426470,"English","# Q20 Runway headwind and after-takeoff climb gradient\n# Q23 Landing runway headwind component\n# Q24 Minimum landing distance (LDR) calculation\n# Q25 Load system “CHARLIE” baggage removal for limits\n# Q26 Descent time, heading, distance, and fuel\n# Q27 ETA for position C\n# Q28 Intercept heading at position X\n# Q29 Morning civil twilight conversion to LST","[{\"question\":\"How is the best runway selected for the least takeoff distance or greatest after-takeoff climb gradient?\",\"answer\":\"Choose the runway with the greatest headwind component, which corresponds to the runway number closest to the wind direction. This increases the after-takeoff climb gradient in the working shown.\"},{\"question\":\"What determines the baggage weight to remove under the “CHARLIE” load system?\",\"answer\":\"The calculation targets two limits: bringing the ZFW within the aft limit (based on CG difference) and reducing the aircraft to maximum takeoff weight. The final removal uses the greater of the two required weight reductions.\"},{\"question\":\"In the descent planning question, how are time, distance, heading, and fuel obtained?\",\"answer\":\"Compute descent distance from altitude differences, convert to time using the rate of descent, then calculate distance using the resulting ground speed (from wind and TAS). Heading is adjusted for drift, and fuel is estimated from the average fuel consumption during the descent time.\"}]","PPL practice exam 2 - Aircraft performance and navigation working questions | PDF",1790319607,15]