[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-116741-en":3,"doc-seo-116741-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},116741,1374391974564,"Clementine","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253aa45c000a9e?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779874745381141002",8,"Research & Report","Power, Prayer and Production - The Jola of Casamance, Senegal - Chapter 1: The power of the spirit-shrines","Power, Prayer and Production examines how power relations among three Jola communities in Casamance, Senegal shape agricultural organization across age, gender, kinship, and class. It compares Sambujat’s non-Islamized wet-rice monocropping with Jipalom’s Islamization and cash-crop adoption, and Fatiya’s Mandingized, hierarchical social relations and their effects on labor division and cropping systems. The study also addresses larger themes including Islamization, women’s labor, and the introduction of cash cropping within Senegal’s political economy.","The Jola(Diola)areintensive wet-rice cultivators in the Lower Casamance region ofSenegal.In this study,the author examines the reasons behind startling contrasts inthe organization of agricultural tasks among three Jola communities located withina 45kilometer radius from Ziguinchor.In Sambujat,situated in the non-Islamisizedregion south of the river,wet rice is a monocropcultivated by both men and women.In Jipalom,in the Kajamutay region north of the River,Islam and cash croppinghave been adopted;and in Fatiya,in the so-called “Mandingized”region of theKalunay,social relations have become hierarchical and this has had profoundeffects on the cropping system and on the division of labor.  \nThe author examines the shift of power relations over time,and their effects onthe way in which production has been organized by age and gender,kin and class.Larger issues dealt with are Islamization,women's labor,and the introduction ofcash cropping.A concluding section places the history of Jola labor relations withinthe context of the political economy of Senegal.  \nCambridge Studies in Social and Cultural Anthropology  \nEditors:Ernest Gellner,Jack Goody,Stephen Gudeman,Michael Herzfeld,Jonathan Parry  \n82  \nPower,Prayer and Production  \nA list of books in the series will be found at the end of the volume  \nThe Jola of Casamance,Senegal  \nOLGA F.LINARESSmithsonian Tropical Research Institute  \nCAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS  \nCambridge  \nNew York Port ChesterMelbourne Sydney  \nCAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS  \nCambridge,New York,Melbourne,Madrid,Cape Town,Singapore,São Paulo  \nCambridge University PressThe Edinburgh Building,Cambridge CB28RU,UK  \nPublished in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press,New York  \nwww.cambridge.org  \nInformation on this title:www.cambridge.org/9780521401326  \n◎ Cambridge University Press 1992  \nThis publication is in copyright.Subject to statutory exceptionand to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,no reproduction of any part may take place without the writtenpermission of Cambridge University Press.  \nFirst published 1992  \nThis digitally printed version 2007  \nA catalogue recordfor this publication is available from the British Library  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data  \nLinares,Olga F.  \nPower,prayer,and production:the Jola of Casamance,Senegal/Olga F.Linares.  \np.cm.-(Cambridge studies in social and culturalanthropology;82)  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.ISBN0521401321(hardback)  \n1.Diola(African people)-Agriculture.2.Diola(African  \npeople)-Economic conditions.3.Diola(African people)-Politicsand government.4.Rice-Senegal-Casamance.5.Casamance(Senegal)-Economic conditions.6.Casamance(Senegal)-Socialconditions.7.Casamance(Senegal)-Religious life and customs.  \nI.Title.II.Series.DT549.45.D56L55  1992966.3-dc20  \n90-26070  \nCIP  \nISBN 978-0-521-40132-6 hardback  \nISBN 978-0-521-04035-8 paperback  \nFor Afo and Ajien,who lived a long life.And for Bana and Benji,who died young.  \nContents  \nList of illustrationspage xiiList of tablesXVAcknowledgementsxviNote on orthographyxviii  \nINTRODUCTION:IDEOLOGY AND AGRARIAN CHANGE  \n1  \nThe problem3The setting5The approach7The organization10  \nPART I:THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF SAMBUJAT13Chapter 1:The power of the spirit-shrines15The people and their rice-growing system17Ideational aspects of“power”:the spirit-shrines23The authority of elders28Waxing and waning powers:the “priest-king”or ai and the chief38Women's\"strength”:the Sihun shrines45  \nChapter 2:Rice fields and labor relationships52Huteendukay,the labor shrine53Marriage and the formation of the conjugal family unit54The conjugal family and the gender division of labor58Cooperative patterns:the “extended”family or buaju unit61Associative work:the hank,the elders,and the village65Female associations69The role of religion in the palm-produce trade71  \nConclusions to Part I  \nPART II:AT THE CROSSROADS:THE KUJAMAAT JOLAOF JIPALOM  \n81  \nChapter 3:Islamiz","cbCailCYr6HaZLv5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailCYr6HaZLv5","pdf",12893155,1,284,"English","en",105,"# Introduction: Ideology and Agrarian Change\n## The problem\n## The setting\n## The approach\n## The organization\n# PART I: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF SAMBUJAT\n## Chapter 1: The power of the spirit-shrines\n## Chapter 2: Rice fields and labor relationships\n# PART II: AT THE CROSSROADS: THE KUJAMAAT JOLA OF JIPALOM\n## Chapter 3: Islamization and the introduction of a cash crop\n## Chapter 4: The impact on social and productive relations\n# PART III: MANDING MODELS AND FATIYA MORES\n## Chapter 5: Ideology and legitimation\n## Chapter 6: Social relations of production re-structured","[{\"question\":\"Which Jola communities does the study compare, and where are they located?\",\"answer\":\"The study compares three Jola communities within a 45-kilometer radius from Ziguinchor: Sambujat south of the river, Jipalom north of the river, and Fatiya in the Kalunay region.\"},{\"question\":\"How does Islamization affect agricultural production in Jipalom?\",\"answer\":\"In Jipalom, Islam and cash cropping have been adopted, changing social and productive relations and reshaping land access and labor organization.\"},{\"question\":\"What main factors explain differences in labor division and cropping systems across the communities?\",\"answer\":\"Differences arise from shifting power relations over time, influenced by ideology, religion, and changing social hierarchies, which in turn affect women’s labor and the organization of productive activities.\"}]","Power, Prayer and Production - The Jola of Casamance, Senegal - Chapter 1: The power of the spirit-shrines | 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