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\nAdnan Hasanudin 1, Atik Winanti 2, and Aurora Jilena Meliala 3  \nReceived: April 14, 2025  \nRevised: May 16, 2025  \nAccepted: June 13, 2025  \nOnline Available: June 16, 2025  \nCurr. Ver.: June 20, 2025  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Submitted for possible open access publication under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY SA) license ([https://creativecommons.org/li](https://creativecommons.org/li)[censes/by-sa/4.0/](censes/by-sa/4.0/))  \n1 Master of Law, UPN “Veteran” Jakarta, Indonesia; [adnanhasanudin03@gmail.com](adnanhasanudin03@gmail.com)  \n2 Master of Law, UPN “Veteran” Jakarta, Indonesia; [atikwinanti@upnvj.ac.id](atikwinanti@upnvj.ac.id)  \n3 Master of Law, UPN “Veteran” Jakarta, Indonesia; [aurora@upnvj.ac.id](aurora@upnvj.ac.id)  \n* [Corresponding Author :](Corresponding Author : adnanhasanudin03@gmail.com)[ ](Corresponding Author : adnanhasanudin03@gmail.com)[adnanhasanudin03@gmail.com](Corresponding Author : adnanhasanudin03@gmail.com)  \nAbstract: This research aims to determine whether the budget formulation of the Merah Putih Village Cooperative is in accordance with the norms and statutory regulations as stipulated in Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives, particularly in relation to Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution, which emphasizes the principle of independence in the national economy. The results of this study focus on optimizing the establishment of the Merah Putih Village Cooperative to support the formation of national-scale cooperatives that function not only as savings and loan institutions driving the economy, but also address the challenges and risks that may arise from the establishment of the Merah Putih Cooperative. First, the issue of economic scale is crucial. Operations at the village level are often limited by available resources and market reach. Second, human resource capacity is a determining factor. The management of funds amounting to IDR 3–5 billion requires financial, business, operational, and marketing management skills that are not always present in every village. Experience with Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) shows that one of their main challenges is finding local residents who are truly skilled managers. Third, elite capture or control by local elites can become a bottleneck. In villages with weak governance, influential figures may abuse their authority to control the cooperative for personal gain. Similar occurrences are often found in grant programs from Ministries/Agencies or the private sector, where key individuals dominate and exploit these resources for their own interests. Fourth, the risk of fraud.  \nKeywords: Budget Disharmonization; Cooperative Management; Legal Compliance.  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nEtymologically, the term \"cooperative\" is derived from the English word\"cooperatives,\" which is a combination of \"co\" and \"operation.\" In Dutch, it is referred to as \"coöperatie,\" meaning cooperation. In Indonesian, the term has been adopted and pronounced as \"koperasi.\" According to Mohammad Hatta in his book\"The Cooperative Movement in Indonesia,\" a cooperative is defined as a joint effort to improve the economic livelihood of its members based on the principle of mutual assistance [1] . A cooperative is a form of enterprise founded upon idealistic visions, missions, and objectives; therefore, it is highly commendable and of great social value if such a cooperative is able to develop rapidly and achieve success comparable to that of private enterprises or State-Owned Enterprises [2] . A cooperative, as an economic organization, relies fundamentally on the trust of the community, whereby  \nindividuals entrust their funds to the cooperative based solely on the belief that their money will be recoverable in due course and accompanied by a return or reward [3] .  \nA cooperative, which is an association or economic organizatio","cbCaidnrtg0Z4L8P","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidnrtg0Z4L8P","pdf",395370,22,"English","# Introduction\n## Background and cooperative concept\n## Legal framework for village cooperatives\n## Risks in cooperative establishment","[{\"question\":\"What legal framework guides the Merah Putih Village Cooperative’s budget formulation?\",\"answer\":\"The study evaluates budget formulation against Law No. 25 of 1992 on Cooperatives, with emphasis on Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution regarding the independence principle in the national economy.\"},{\"question\":\"Why can budget disharmonization arise at the village cooperative level?\",\"answer\":\"The document highlights constraints in economic scale, limited managerial human resources, and governance weaknesses that can distort how budgets are planned and used.\"},{\"question\":\"What risks are identified as potential obstacles when establishing the Merah Putih cooperative?\",\"answer\":\"The research points to elite capture/control by local elites as a bottleneck and notes fraud risk as another significant concern during the cooperative’s formation and fund management.\"}]","Potential for Budget Disharmonization in the Management of the Merah Putih Village Cooperative | PDF",55]