[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-589715-105":59,"doc-detail-589715-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","postmodern-feminism-cultural-trauma-in-construction-of-female-identities-in-virginia-woolfs-the-waves-article","Postmodern Feminism: Cultural Trauma in Construction of Female Identities in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves - Article","","The article examines trauma as a devastating force shaping the construction of male and female characters’ identities in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves (1931). It defines individual trauma through horrendous personal responses associated with post-traumatic stress disorder, and cultural trauma as patriarchy, gender, or sexual difference harming collective identity. Characters such as Rhoda, Jinny, and Susan are analyzed through feminist psycho-trauma and postmodern feminist ideologies to trace trauma’s diagnosis and aftermath.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/postmodern-feminism-cultural-trauma-in-construction-of-female-identities-in-virginia-woolfs-the-waves-article/589715/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/postmodern-feminism-cultural-trauma-in-construction-of-female-identities-in-virginia-woolfs-the-waves-article/589715.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Cipher","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does the article define cultural trauma versus individual trauma?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Individual trauma is linked to unexpected events leaving severe marks on a person’s self and identity, reflected in responses resembling post-traumatic stress disorder. Cultural trauma extends trauma’s impact to the collective identity of groups through forces such as patriarchy, gender, or sexual difference.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role does gender play in the article’s argument?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Gender is presented as socially constructed roles based on biological sex, with gender identity expressed through public performance. The article connects these ideas to patriarchal dominance that reshapes female identities and challenges male identity.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which scholars’ perspectives are used to analyze identity reconstruction in The Waves?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The article uses viewpoints associated with Helene Cixous, Luce Irigaray, and Judith Butler, alongside trauma theorist Cathy Caruth and other cultural trauma theorists, to clarify claims and support the analysis of trauma’s effects on identity.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},589715,1792295376,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},687208528416,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Advances in Language and Literary Studies  \nISSN: 2203-4714  \n[www.alls.aiac.org.au](www.alls.aiac.org.au)  \n| Postmodern Feminism: Cultural Trauma in Construction of Female Identities in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves\u003Cbr>Leila Baradaran Jamili1*, Ziba Roshanzamir2\u003Cbr>1Assistant Professor of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Postgraduate Department of English Language and Literature, Boroujerd, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd Branch, Iran,\u003Cbr>2MA Student of English Language and Literature, Boroujerd, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd Branch, Iran Corresponding Author: Leila Baradaran Jamili, E-mail: [lbjamili@yahoo.com](lbjamili@yahoo.com) |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| ARTICLE INFO | ABSTRACT\u003Cbr>The present article sheds new light on trauma as a devastating phenomenon respecting the construction of male and female characters’ identities and reveals reconstruction of male and female identities in Virginia Woolf’s (1882-1941) The Waves (1931) . Trauma is defined as an unexpected event that leaves the most terrible marks on the person’s self, identity, psyche, emotions, beliefs, etc. Individual trauma is diagnosed by the male and female characters’horrendous responses regarded as post-traumatic stress disorder in terms of a distressing recollection of the traumatic occurrence. In contrast, cultural trauma, like patriarchy, gender, or sexual difference which has a horrific influence on cultures, can encompass traumatically the collective identity of male and female characters. In The Waves, the characters such as Rhoda, Jinny, and Susan get involved in the struggle for the self-definition relating to their collective and individual identities, respectively. No wonder, this article exploits an integrated method of feminism and psycho-trauma. It contextualizes the ideologies of postmodern feminist critics, such as Judith Butler (1956-), Helene Cixous (1937-), Cathy Caruth (1955-), and Luce Irigaray (1930-) . Woolf, de facto, reveals how trauma as a catastrophe, either individual or collective, affects shockingly male and female characters’identities, so that their physical and psychological responses can be analyzed in terms of diagnosis of the trauma and its aftermath. |\n| Article history\u003Cbr>Received: June 14, 2017\u003Cbr>Accepted: August 03, 2017\u003Cbr>Published: August 31, 2017\u003Cbr>Volume: 8 Issue: 4\u003Cbr>Advance access: August 2017 |  |\n| Conflicts of interest: None\u003Cbr>Funding: None |  |\n| Key words:\u003Cbr>Gender,\u003Cbr>Patriarchy, Reconstruction of Identity, Sexual Difference,\u003Cbr>Trauma |  |\n\nINTRODUCTION  \nThe cultural trauma is one of the specific concepts of trauma related to collective memory identity, and to negative changes which may leave in its wake on the societal groups of the society. Human beings are in search of security, order, connection, certainty, meaning, identity, and love. If something unexpectedly occurs that severely undermines those necessities, surprisingly, those people are being traumatized as a result of traumatic occurrence. Therefore, trauma distorts the power, common sense, and understanding of the traumatized person. If an event traumatizes not only one individual but also all the members of a collectivity or a group, the trauma will be cultural trauma or collective trauma. Gender is different from sex. For many people, however, these terms are used incorrectly and astonishingly interchangeably. At birth, it is to assign sex by the use of physical attributes. But gender signifies socially constructed roles based on biological sex. Indeed, it can refer to the cultural expression of the sexed body. In this sense, the significance of gender is due to both social and cultural roles assigned to a person. Gender identity is characterized by the public expression of the gender role.  \nIn The Waves (W), Virginia Woolf indicates cultural or collective trauma linked with patriarchal society and gender roles that dominate females and their identities. It also challenges male identity and masculinity which create false hege","cbCaicBXhMsR9K9J","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicBXhMsR9K9J","pdf",646585,"English","# ABSTRACT\n# INTRODUCTION\n# MATERIALS AND METHOD","[{\"question\":\"How does the article define cultural trauma versus individual trauma?\",\"answer\":\"Individual trauma is linked to unexpected events leaving severe marks on a person’s self and identity, reflected in responses resembling post-traumatic stress disorder. Cultural trauma extends trauma’s impact to the collective identity of groups through forces such as patriarchy, gender, or sexual difference.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does gender play in the article’s argument?\",\"answer\":\"Gender is presented as socially constructed roles based on biological sex, with gender identity expressed through public performance. The article connects these ideas to patriarchal dominance that reshapes female identities and challenges male identity.\"},{\"question\":\"Which scholars’ perspectives are used to analyze identity reconstruction in The Waves?\",\"answer\":\"The article uses viewpoints associated with Helene Cixous, Luce Irigaray, and Judith Butler, alongside trauma theorist Cathy Caruth and other cultural trauma theorists, to clarify claims and support the analysis of trauma’s effects on identity.\"}]","Postmodern Feminism: Cultural Trauma in Construction of Female Identities in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves - Article | PDF",1792067987,12]